organization:cornell

“CDU-Zerstörer” Rezo: Es kamen “Diskreditierung, Lügen, Trump-Wordings und keine inhaltliche Auseinandersetzung” | Telepolis
▻https://www.heise.de/tp/features/CDU-Zerstoerer-Rezo-Es-kamen-Diskreditierung-Luegen-Trump-Wordings-und-keine-i

Ce youtubeur prouve que les chrétiens-démocrates allemands sont coupables de tous les crimes et par leur incompétence et par la collaboration avec le crime organisé. Ce jeune homme est tellement populaire que la droite est obligée de réagir.

Selten hat ein politisches Video in Deutschland ein so großes Echo bei Jugendlichen gefunden: Youtuber Rezo „zerstört“ die CDU.

Les sources : ▻https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&v=4Y1lZQsyuSQ&q=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.google.

Hier sind alle Quellen vom CDU-Video. Hoffe es ist alles korrekt übertragen. Falls irgendwo ein Flüchtigkeitsfehler drin ist oder so, schreib mir gern auf den verschiedenen Socialmedia Plattformen :)

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[L1]▻https://www.cdu.de/sites/default/files/media/dokumente/regierungsprogramm-2013-2017-langfassung-20130911.pdf

[L2]▻https://www.zeit.de/wirtschaft/2014-07/bundestag-mindestlohn-entscheidung

[L3]►https://www.cdu.de/system/tdf/media/dokumente/071203-beschluss-grundsatzprogramm-6-navigierbar_1.pdf?file=1&type=field_collect

[L4]▻https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/freiwilligendienst-geplant-bundestag-beschliesst-das-ende-der-wehrpflicht/3985968.html?ticket=ST-1588365-InGS3BXc1Q4ycXsDsZeC-ap2

[L5]►https://www.cdu.de/system/tdf/media/dokumente/071203-beschluss-grundsatzprogramm-6-navigierbar_1.pdf?file=1&type=field_collect

[L6]▻https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article13460039/Bundestag-beschliesst-Atomausstieg-bis-2022.html

[L7]►https://www.gew.de/aktuelles/detailseite/neuigkeiten/wie-deutschland-bei-der-bildung-abschneidet

[L8]▻https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/angela-merkel-falsche-versprechungen-ueberlasse-ich-schroeder-1.309069-

[L9]▻https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/bundestagswahl-2013/tid-33778/kohl-ypsilanti-merkel-die-politik-umfaller-und-ihre-dreisteten-wahlluegen-spd-

[L10] ▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PUR_WPj0JM

[L11]▻https://www.antenne.de/nachrichten/deutschland/pkw-maut-startet-oktober-2020-in-deutschland

[L12]▻https://www.pressesprecher.com/nachrichten/caspary-cdu-artikel-13-demonstranten-gekauft-402064753

[L13]▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iSwQxRjFT2A&t=97s

[L14]▻https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article187846390/Fridays-for-Future-Demos-Sollen-die-Schueler-bestraft-werden.html

[L15]▻https://youtu.be/5VVM4ArDFhQ?t=57

[L16]▻https://youtu.be/5VVM4ArDFhQ?t=256

[L17]▻https://youtu.be/5VVM4ArDFhQ?t=290

[L18]▻https://youtu.be/5VVM4ArDFhQ?t=302

[L19] ▻https://youtu.be/5VVM4ArDFhQ?t=336

[L20] ▻https://twitter.com/europarl_de/status/1100705082470027264?lang=de

[L21]▻https://twitter.com/c_lindner/status/1104683096107114497?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E11

[L22] ▻https://youtu.be/OAoPkVfeTo0?t=893

[L23] ▻https://www.scientists4future.org/stellungnahme

[L25] ▻https://twitter.com/tilman_s/status/1105864836892762112

[L26]▻https://youtu.be/Yd2bYRKuYfo?t=180

[L27]▻https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/koalitionsbeschluss-wehrpflicht-wird-zum-1-juli-2011-ausgesetzt/3597026.html

[L28]▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WY3wQDEWt8

[L29]▻https://www.fr.de/politik/verfolgte-retter-10973351.html

[L30]▻https://www.n-tv.de/politik/Polizisten-fordern-Cannabis-Legalisierung-article20268395.html

[L31]▻https://www.heise.de/tp/features/15-Jahre-entkriminalisierte-Drogenpolitik-in-Portugal-3224495.html

[L32]▻https://www.br.de/puls/themen/welt/drogenpolitik-portugal-102.html

[L33]▻https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/portugals-drogenpolitik-therapie-statt-gefaengnis.795.de.html?dram:a

[L34]▻https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/justiz/cannabis-bund-deutscher-kriminalbeamter-fordert-ende-des-verbots-a-1191381.h

[L35]▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Caspary#/media/File:Daniel_Caspary_2019.jpg

[L36]▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axel_Voss#/media/File:Axel_Voss_01.JPG

[L37] ▻https://youtu.be/9GMiDy0LZQ4?t=585

[B1] ▻https://www.dw.com/de/935-l%C3%BCgen-zum-irak-krieg/a-3086399

[B2] ▻https://www.dw.com/de/irak-krieg-am-anfang-stand-die-l%C3%BCge/a-43279424

[B3] ▻https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/cdu-csu-merkel-verteidigt-irak-krieg-189806.html

[B4] ▻https://youtu.be/lxjahxsm3GU?t=145

[B5] ▻https://youtu.be/lxjahxsm3GU?t=224

[B6] ▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_EaEVIh9t5I&feature=youtu.be&t=114

[B7] ▻https://dipbt.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/18/110/1811023.pdf

[B8]▻https://daserste.ndr.de/panorama/aktuell/USA-fuehren-Drohnenkrieg-von-Deutschland-aus,ramstein146.html

[B9] ▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rXPrfnU3G0&t=300s

[B10]

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/MQ-9_Reaper_-_090609-F-0000M-777.JPG

[B11]▻https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/drohnen-basis-ramstein-bundesregierung-bestreitet-mitwissen-fotostrecke-1258

[B12]▻https://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2015-05/drohnenkrieg-ramstein-jemen-opfer-klage
[B13]▻https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/leitkolumne-ramstein-toetet-1.4378778

[B14]▻https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article122884542/15-Tote-bei-Drohnenangriff-auf-Fahrzeugkonvoi.html

[B15]▻https://qz.com/569779/drone-strikes-are-creating-hatred-towards-america-that-will-last-for-generations

[B16]▻https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/step-back-lessons-us-foreign-policy-failed-war-terror#_idTextAnchor066

[B17] ▻https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_major_terrorist_incidents

[B18] ▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genfer_Konventionen#Wichtige_Bestimmungen

[B19]▻https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/bradley-manning-zu-35-jahren-haft-verurteilt-a-917844.html

[B20] ▻https://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2013-10/Drohnen-Moral-Voelkerrecht/seite-2

[B21]▻https://www.amnesty.de/allgemein/pressemitteilung/vereinigte-staaten-von-amerika-voelkerrechtswidrige-us-drohnenangriffe

[B22]▻https://netzpolitik.org/2015/live-blog-aus-dem-geheimdienst-untersuchungsausschuss-brandon-bryant-fr

[B23] ▻https://youtu.be/Y0_BxzSWdKI?t=889

[B24] ▻https://youtu.be/VMjUR_cY8g4?t=1529

[B25] ▻https://youtu.be/STqv600KN3k?t=219

[B26]▻https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/us-drohnenkrieg-ramstein-urteil-ovg-muenster-1.4373794

[B27] ▻https://www.bundestag.de/parlament/plenum/abstimmung/abstimmung?id=540

[B28] ▻https://youtu.be/KdDULYzDBvg?t=213

[B29]▻https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/us-atomwaffen-in-deutschland-die-atom-eier-von-buechel-a-1251697.html

[B30] ▻https://yougov.de/news/2015/10/01/bevolkerung-will-keine-us-atomwaffen-deutschland

[B31] ▻https://youtu.be/C4RalenYhoY?t=37

[B32]▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globale_%C3%9Cberwachungs-_und_Spionageaff%C3%A4re

[B33]▻https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/snowden-asyl-usa-sollen-deutschland-gedroht-haben-a-1024841.html

[B34]▻https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-de/aktuelles/fuer-eine-welt-ohne-atomwaffen-479596

[B35]

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO#/media/File:North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization_(orthographic_projection).svg

[B36] ▻http://www.ruestungsexport.info/info/BuReg_2017.pdf

[B37] ▻https://www.zeit.de/2018/29/waffenexporte-bundesregierung-jemen-krieg/komplettansicht

[B38] ▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rintervention_im_Jemen_seit_2015

[B39]▻https://www.fr.de/politik/waffenexporte-saudi-arabien-deutschland-liefert-wieder-waffen-12185951.html

[B40]▻https://www.zeit.de/wirtschaft/2019-01/ruestung-waffenexporte-deutschland-bundesregierung-katar-raketensystem-teile

[B41] ▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menschenrechte_in_Katar

[B42] ▻https://www.zeit.de/politik/2018-10/nachrichtenpodcast-was-jetzt-23-10-2018

[B43] ▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain#Menschenrechte

[B44]▻https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/weiter-waffen-fuer-jemen-krieg-mehr-ruestungsexporte-in-die-emirate/24156146.html

[B45]▻https://www.dw.com/de/human-rights-watch-die-vae-sind-kein-toleranter-staat/a-47357520

[B46]▻https://www.n-tv.de/politik/Milizen-im-Jemen-kaempfen-mit-westlichen-Waffen-article20845112.html

[B47]▻http://www.ard.de/home/die-ard/presse-kontakt/pressearchiv/_Panzer_fuer_das_Kalifat____Waffen_fuer_Bahrain_/113308/index.html

[B48]▻https://www.ipg-journal.de/rubriken/aussen-und-sicherheitspolitik/artikel/das-geschaeft-mit-der-ruestung-3437

[B49 ] ▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGM-114_Hellfire

[B50]▻https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/wikileaks/moderne-kriegsfuehrung-das-collateral-murder-video-1982035.html

[B51]▻https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/umstrittene-apache-angriffe-hoellenfeuer-aus-dem-himmel-a-724482.html

[B52] ▻https://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2010-07/wikileaks-militaer-geheimvideo

[B53] ►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NeQM1c-XCDc

[B54]▻https://www.google.com/search?q=ramstein&oq=ramstein&aqs=chrome.0.69i59l3j69i60j69i61j69i59.975j1j7

[B55] ▻https://youtu.be/Ses8mRjm-Ew?t=28

[B56] ▻https://youtu.be/Y0_BxzSWdKI?t=919

[B57] ▻https://youtu.be/rMHZTJQjnKc?t=112

[B58] ▻https://youtu.be/STqv600KN3k?t=470

[B60]▻https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/nsa-ausschuss-ehemaliger-us-drohnenpilot-zwoelfjaehrige-galten-als-legi

[B61]▻https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/prozess-in-koeln-us-drohnenkrieg-darf-ueber-ramstein-laufen-1.2495841

[B62]▻https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/drohnenangriffe-was-in-ramstein-vor-sich-geht-1.3277427

[B63]▻https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/syrien-kampf-gegen-islamischer-staat-mehrere-zivilisten-in-baghus-getoetet-a

[B64]▻https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/syrien-luftangriff-der-us-koalition-toetet-mindestens-43-menschen-a-1239032.

[B65]▻https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/04/syria-unprecedented-investigation-reveals-us-led-coalition-killed-more-than

[B66]Experten gehen von insgesammt 7596 getöteten Zivilisten durch die Koalition aus. UN-Experten nehmen die Airwars-Zahlen sehr ernst.“ Video daneben zeigen: ▻https://www1.wdr.de/daserste/monitor/videos/video-die-zivilen-opfer-der-anti-is-koalition-100.html

[B67]According to Airwars, 1,472 civilians had been killed by the U.S. air campaign in Iraq and Syria in March 2017 alone ▻https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/us-coalition-air-strikes-isis-russia-kill-more-civilians-march-middle

[B68]an einem einzigen Tag: On March 17, a U.S.-led coalition airstrike in Mosul killed more than 200
civilians▻https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-air-strike-mosul-200-civilians-killed-isis-northern-iraq-pentagon-

[B69]Hier auch gute Übersicht: ▻https://airwars.org/conflict/coalition-in-iraq-and-syria

[B70] ▻https://youtu.be/Cb485CVJKBw?t=136

[B71]▻https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2018-01/waffenexporte-ruestungsexporte-deutschland-krisengebiete-rekordhoch

[B72]▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuiqnFpptYA

[B73]▻https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/trotz-exportstopp-deutsche-ruestungsgueter-fuer-400-millionen-euro-an-jemen-kriegsallianz/24153698.html

[B74]▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/GBU-12_Paveway_II#/media/File:GBU-12_xxl.jpg
Gemeinfrei, ►https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=593515

[B75]▻https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGM-114_Hellfire#/media/File:Lockheed_Martin_Longbow_Hellfire.jpg
Gemeinfrei, ►https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=593515

[B76]▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjSYSO7-cM0

[B77]▻https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/deutschland-muss-drohneneinsaetze-der-usa-aus-ramstein-pruefen-a-1258647.htm

[B78]▻https://youtu.be/HZ8YAiVWToI?t=697

#Allemagne #CDU #politique #environnement

Saison IV - N°30 - Les entreprises surveillent nos vagins, ceci n’est pas un exercice | Les Glorieuses, via @mona
▻https://lesglorieuses.fr/regles

https://lesglorieuses.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Screenshot_20190329-135823_2.png

« Ovia Health » est une société de production de trois applications, Ovia fertility, Ovia pregnancy et Ovia parenting, qui « aide les femmes et les familles à naviguer dans leurs moments les plus importants avec des solutions personnalisées et fondées sur les données pour la fertilité, la grossesse et la parentalité. » Ovia Health, fondé par trois hommes et une femme, est une des applications médicales les plus téléchargées aux États-Unis aujourd’hui. Son modèle économique est en partie fondé sur la vente des données personnelles des utilisatrices à leurs entreprises. Ainsi, une entreprise peut avoir accès à votre cycle menstruel, votre suivi de grossesse, ou encore à la santé de votre enfant. « Quelle pourrait être la raison la plus optimiste et la plus sincère pour un employeur de savoir combien de grossesses à haut risque ont ses employés ? Pour qu’ils puissent mettre plus de brochures dans la salle de repos ? », s’interroge dans l’enquête du Washington Post Karen Levy, professeure assistante à la Cornell University, qui a effectué des recherches sur la surveillance de la famille et des lieux de travail.

A Database of Fugitive Slave Ads Reveals Thousands of Untold Resistance Stories

►https://hyperallergic.com/435183/freedom-on-the-move

https://hyperallergic.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/freedom-1000.jpg

Readers of the May 24, 1796 Pennsylvania Gazette found an advertisement offering ten dollars to any person who would apprehend Oney Judge, an enslaved woman who had fled from President George Washington’s Virginia plantation, Mount Vernon. The notice described her in detail as a “light mulatto girl, much freckled, with very black eyes and bushy black hair,” as well as her skills at mending clothes, and that she “may attempt to escape by water … it is probable she will attempt to pass as a free woman, and has, it is said, wherewithal to pay her passage.” She did indeed board a ship called the Nancy and made it to New Hampshire, where she later married a free black sailor, although she was herself never freed by the Washingtons and remained a fugitive.

The advertisement is one of thousands that were printed in newspapers during colonial and pre-Civil War slavery in the United States. The Freedom on the Move (FOTM) public database project, now being developed at Cornell University, is the first major digital database to organize together North American fugitive slave ads from regional, state, and other collections. FOTM recently received its second of its two National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) digital humanities grants.

#esclavage

A Database of Fugitive Slave Ads Reveals Thousands of Untold Resistance Stories
►https://hyperallergic.com/435183/freedom-on-the-move

https://hyperallergic.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/freedom-1000.jpg

Readers of the May 24, 1796 Pennsylvania Gazette found an advertisement offering ten dollars to any person who would apprehend Oney Judge, an enslaved woman who had fled from President George Washington’s Virginia plantation, Mount Vernon. The notice described her in detail as a “light mulatto girl, much freckled, with very black eyes and bushy black hair,” as well as her skills at mending clothes, and that she “may attempt to escape by water … it is probable she will attempt to pass as a free woman, and has, it is said, wherewithal to pay her passage.” She did indeed board a ship called the Nancy and made it to New Hampshire, where she later married a free black sailor, although she was herself never freed by the Washingtons and remained a fugitive.

The advertisement is one of thousands that were printed in newspapers during colonial and pre-Civil War slavery in the United States. The Freedom on the Move (FOTM) public database project, now being developed at Cornell University, is the first major digital database to organize together North American fugitive slave ads from regional, state, and other collections. FOTM recently received its second of its two National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) digital humanities grants.

Runaway Slaves in Britain :: Home
▻https://www.runaways.gla.ac.uk

La cartographie, cet art si subtil où se dessinent les lignes d’influence
▻https://www.actualitte.com/article/patrimoine-education/la-cartographie-cet-art-si-subtil-ou-se-dessinent-les-lignes-d-influence/91950

https://www.actualitte.com/images/carousel/capture-d-ecran-2018-11-19-a-15-06-12-5bf2c368af7f6.jpg

a cartographie est peut-être aussi vieille que le monde, mais cela ne signifie pas que ni l’un ni l’autre n’ont changé : une archive de quelque 800 cartes numérisées par la bibliothèque de l’université Cornell, dans l’État de New York, permet de s’en convaincre. On y retrouvera des représentations du monde dont les dimensions, couleurs et formes varient selon l’auteur et ses intentions — bonnes ou mauvaises.

#cartographie #cartographie_persuasive

Quelles limites pour la surveillance connectée au travail ?
▻https://linc.cnil.fr/fr/quelles-limites-pour-la-surveillance-connectee-au-travail

Montres connectées, GPS et même casques mesurant l’activité cérébrale… L’usage croissant de technologies connectées de contrôle dans le monde du travail pose des questions juridiques et sociales, auxquelles s’intéresse la chercheuse étasunienne Ifeoma Ajunwa dans un récent article. Dans un article publié en septembre 2018, la chercheuse Ifeoma Ajunwa, de l’université de Cornell, s’interroge sur les conséquences sociales et juridiques de l’usage croissant des technologies connectées à des fins de (...)

#Tesco #algorithme #bracelet #casque #montre #biométrie #travailleurs #surveillance #vidéo-surveillance (...)

##CNIL

https://linc.cnil.fr/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/ev-623589-unsplash1_0.jpg

L’ambassade du Brésil en Israël sera transférée à l’Institut du monde arabe
Jérusalem entend devenir un musée des arts du monde arabe

Route du Rhum : tout comprendre au travail du sexe
Paris accueille son premier festival consacré aux mots de la voile

L’ombre de Nicolas Sarkozy porte plainte contre Laurent Wauquiez
La veuve de Chris Cornell obscurcit l’horizon de son médecin

Un Américain exécuté au rang d’affaire presque ordinaire
Le procès Tron ramené sur la chaise électrique
#de_la_dyslexie_créative

▻https://slovenly.bandcamp.com/track/honey-time

#Chrono-cartographie du #massacre du #17_octobre_1961

Aux cartes minutieuses des lieux où se sont produites violences et massacres le 17 octobre 1961, Léopold Lambert, architecte, essayiste et directeur de la publication de la revue The Funambulist joint une analyse de la temporalité de cette guerre coloniale d’abord dénommée « opération de police ».

Dans la recherche que je mène sur la structure des cinq épisodes d’#état_d’urgence déclarés par la #France depuis 1955, un événement-clé est le massacre du 17 octobre 1961 à #Paris, peu avant la fin de la révolution algérienne. Ce qui frappe dans la commémoration annuelle (bien timide au regard de l’importance de l’événement) : l’unicité supposée de lieu et de temps. Selon le récit communément admis, les scènes les plus violentes, des policiers jetant des Algérien.ne.s dans la Seine, se produisirent autour de la #place Saint_Michel, au centre de Paris, et advinrent à un moment d’exaspération où les manifestations de masse étaient interdites. Ce que révèlent au contraire les recherches, c’est la multiplicité des lieux et des moments du massacre. C’est ce qu’essaie d’illustrer cette série de cartes, qui utilise des images aériennes (à plus ou moins 3 ans de la date en question) ; j’ai suivi la méthode précédemment utilisée pour montrer la relation entre l’organisation de la ville et la sanglante répression de la Commune de Paris (voir les cartes)

Pour comprendre l’événement, il faut le replacer dans son contexte historique : en #1961, la révolution menée par le #Front_de_Libération_Nationale (#FLN), qui vise à décoloniser l’#Algérie, entre dans sa septième année. Née dans la Casbah d’Alger, le mouvement décolonial s’étend au reste de l’Algérie, ainsi qu’aux grandes villes françaises, où vivent de nombreux Algérien.ne.s (350.000 en 1962). Bien que plusieurs administrations s’occupant des Nord-Africains vivant et travaillant en France aient déjà été créées par l’État français – pour les années 1920 et 1930 voir Policing Paris : The Origins of Modern Immigration Control Between the Wars de Clifford Rosenberg (Cornell, 2006) — les Algérien.ne.s en France ne sont pas, du point de vue administratif, considéré.e.s comme des sujets coloniaux, et avaient théoriquement les mêmes droits que tout citoyen français, l’Algérie étant considérée comme faisant partie de la France. En réalité, la ségrégation est évidente en ce qui concerne l’emploi et le logement, et la police, en particulier à Paris, pratique quotidiennement le #profilage_racial. La #Brigade_Nord-Africaine (#BNA) qui ciblait explicitement les Nord-Africains et avait été un auxiliaire de la Gestapo durant l’Occupation (1940-1944), fut dissoute en 1945 mais en 1953 est créée une nouvelle branche de la police parisienne qui fonctionne sur le même mode : la #Brigade_des_Agressions_et_Violences (#BAV). Le profilage racial comme tactique coloniale et contre-insurrectionnelle atteint son apogée lorsque le 5 octobre 1961 un #couvre-feu est déclaré par la Préfecture de Police de la Seine (zone métropolitaine de Paris) : il ne vise que les Algérien.ne.s.

Un personnage est central, pas uniquement pour le massacre du 17 octobre 1961 mais plus généralement pour la tradition de #violence de l’État français des années 40 aux années 80 : #Maurice_Papon. Sous l’Occupation nazie (1940-1944), en tant que Secrétaire général de la préfecture de Bordeaux, il organise la déportation de 1.600 juif/ve.s du Sud de la France avers le camp de Drancy, dans la banlieue parisienne ; ils seront déportés à Auschwitz. Son procès pour sa participation à l’Holocauste n’eut lieu qu’en 1998 et, après la Libération, il occupa de nombreuses responsabilités officielles, toutes en rapport avec le colonialisme français et la contre-insurrection — ce qui en fait une sorte d’alter ego historique de Robert Bugeaud (souvent cité dans les textes de The Funambulist), très actif dans la contre-insurrection et sur le front colonial, tant en France qu’en Algérie, dans les années 1830 et 1840 :
– 1945 : chargé de la sous-direction de l’Algérie au ministère de l’Intérieur.
– 1946 : participe à la Commission interministérielle sur les Antilles françaises.
– 1949 : première nomination comme préfet de Constantine (Algérie).
– 1951 : Secrétaire général de la Préfecture de police de Paris.
– 1954 : nommé Secrétaire général du Protectorat du Maroc.
– 1956 : revient à Constantine en tant qu’IGAME (préfet avec des pouvoirs extraordinaires) pour mener la contre-insurrection contre les mouvements décoloniaux du Nord-Est de l’Algérie. En 1956 et 1957, des rapports font état de 18.316 “rebelles” [sic] tués par la police et l’armée coloniales françaises, et de 117.000 personnes “regroupées” dans des camps — voir le livre de Samia Henni, Architecture of Counterrevolution : The French Army in Northern Algeria (gta, 2017)

En 1958, le FLN à Paris est particulièrement actif dans son organisation politique clandestine, levant et transférant des fonds tout en exécutant ses opposant.e.s, des Algérien.ne.s considérés comme “traîtres.ses” et des officiers de police français. Le 13 mars 1958, des policiers manifestent devant l’Assemblée nationale pour exiger plus de latitude et plus d’impunité dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions. Le lendemain Papon, fort de son expérience tactique et stratégique en matière de contre-insurrection, est nommé Préfet de la Seine et est chargé d’anéantir le FLN dans la zone métropolitaine de Paris. Comme le montrent les cartes 3 et 4, le 28 août 1958 Papon organise des rafles massives d’Algérien.ne.s, dont 5.000 sont détenus dans le tristement célèbre “Vel d’Hiv,” le vélodrome où le 17 juillet 1942 12.884 juif/ve.s furent parqués avant d’être déportés à Auschwitz. En janvier 1959, Papon crée le Centre d’Identification de Vincennes (CIV) où les Algérie.ne.s peuvent être légalement “assignés à résidence” [sic] sans procès (voir la carte 18). En mars 1961, il crée une nouvelle branche de la police placée directement sous ses ordres : la Force de Police Auxiliaire, composée de harkis (des volontaires algériens de l’armée et de la police française, en France et en Algérie). On laisse à ces policiers la plus grande latitude pour anéantir le FLN et les nombreux Algérien.ne.s soupçonnés d’avoir des liens avec l’organisation décoloniale — dans la mesure où le FLN menaçait les Algérien.ne.s réticent.e.s à payer l’impôt révolutionnaire, cela voulait dire pratiquement tous les Algérien.ne.s — sont arbitrairement arrêté.e.s et torturé.e.s dans les commissariats et dans les caves d’autres bâtiments (cf cartes 5, 6, 7). Certain.e.s des torturé.e.s sont ensuite jeté.e.s à la Seine, plusieurs mois avant le massacre du 17 octobre 61, associé à cette atroce pratique.

Les références que j’ai utilisées pour cet article (voir plus bas) sont très précises et complètes dans la description du massacre du 17 octobre 61 et de son contexte historique, mais, de façon très surprenante, elles omettent un élément important de ce contexte : le 21 avril 1961, quatre généraux de l’armée coloniale française en Algérie, Maurice Challe, Edmond Jouhaud, Raoul Salan et André Zeller tentent un coup d’État contre le président, Charles De Gaulle, qui est alors en train de négocier l’indépendance algérienne avec le Gouvernement provisoire de la république algérienne (GPRA). Le 23 avril l’état d’urgence est déclaré en France, et le 26 avril les généraux sont arrêtés : le coup d’État échoue. L’état d’urgence reste néanmoins en vigueur pour prévenir d’autres tentatives, ou des actions terroristes de l’Organisation Armée Secrète (OAS) en faveur de l’Algérie française. L’état d’urgence dura jusqu’au 9 octobre 1962 (un mois après l’indépendance de l’Algérie) et n’était pas à l’origine dirigé contre les Algériens – à la différence de ceux de 1955 et de 1958 –, mais il ne fait aucun doute que les pouvoirs extra-exécutifs qu’il accordait ont influé grandement sur la conduite de Papon à la fin de l’année 1961.

Comme on l’a mentionné, l’une des mesures prises par Papon est le couvre-feu du 5 octobre 61 visant les Algériens. Cette mesure motive la Fédération française du FLN à organiser des manifestations de masse le 17 octobre. Tous les hommes algériens doivent rejoindre le cortège, sans arme — toute personne trouvée en possession d’un couteau sera sévèrement châtiée par le FLN — dans le centre de Paris dans la soirée pour former trois cortèges et protester contre le couvre-feu en particulier, et le colonialisme français en général. Ce que les cartes ci-dessous essaient de montrer est la difficulté pour les Algérien.ne.s vivant et travaillant en banlieue d’arriver en centre-ville pour rejoindre les manifestations. On peut ici insister, comme nous le faisons souvent sur The Funambulist , sur la centralité ségrégative de Paris, toujours opérationnelle aujourd’hui. Ponts et stations de métro sont des lieux de grande violence, dans la mesure où leur étroitesse permet un contrôle sévère et systématique par la police (voir les cartes 8, 9, 10, 11 et 12). Dans nombre de ces lieux, les Algérien.ne.s sont arrêtés, systématiquement tabassé.e.s avec des bâtons, parfois abattu.e.s par balles et jeté.e.s à la Seine (voir les cartes ci-dessous pour plus de détails). Bien qu’on sache que Papon n’a pas donné d’ordres directs pour le massacre, il était présent dans la salle de commandement de la Préfecture de Police, à quelques mètres du bain de sang de Saint-Michel (voir carte 12), et l’absence de tout ordre pour empêcher violences et tueries, ainsi que les fausses rumeurs, sur la radio de la police, que les Algérien.ne.s avaient tué des policiers, en fait l’officiel responsable effectif du massacre — pour lequel il ne sera jamais poursuivi.

C’est encore plus vrai si on regarde au-delà des meurtres « de sang chaud » commis lors de la manifestation. Plus tard dans la nuit, et les jours suivants, les tabassages systématiques et même les meurtres continuent dans les centres de détention improvisés, de taille variée — les plus grands étant le State de Coubertin (1.800 détenus, voir carte 16), le Parc des Expositions (6.600 détenus, voir carte 17), et le CIV (860 détenus, voir carte 18) —, dans les opérations de police menées sur les ponts et aux portes de Paris (voir carte 19), et contre les manifestations de femmes et enfants algériens organisées par le FLN le 20 octobre (voir carte 21).

Le nombre d’Algérien.ne.s tué.e.s ou blessé.e.s dans cette semaine sanglante d’octobre 61 demeure inconnu, entre autres du fait dont le archives de la police ont été organisées de telles façon à montrer un nombre de mort.e.s bien inférieur à la réalité — certains des mort.e.s figurent sur la liste des expulsé.e.s vers l’Algérie — mais on estime que 200 à 300 Algérien.ne.s, et que 70 à 84 autres furent tué.e.s après avoir été jeté.e.s à la Seine. Il a fallu des années pour reconnaître ces mort.e.s, contrairement aux neuf victimes du massacre du 8 février 1962, tuées par la police de Papon au métro Charonne lors de la grande manifestation contre les attentats de l’OAS. Ces neuf Français.es étaient membres du Parti Communiste et de la CGT. Leur mémoire fut saluée quatre jours plus tard dans les rues de Paris par un cortège de plus de 500.000 personnes ; aucun rassemblement de masse n’avait protesté le massacre des Algérien.ne.s. En 2001, une plaque fut apposée sur le pont Saint-Michel « À la mémoire des nombreux Algériens tués lors de la sanglante répression de la manifestation pacifique du 17 octobre 1961 ». Comme c’est souvent le cas lorsqu’il s’agit de la mémoire des crimes coloniaux en France, les responsables ne sont pas nommés : c’est un crime sans criminels et, comme on l’a noté plus haut, ce mode de narration rétrécit considérablement la portée du massacre dans le temps et l’espace. C’est pourquoi l’on peut préférer une autre plaque, apposée en 2007 à Saint-Denis, en banlieue : « Le 17 octobre 1961, pendant la guerre d’Algérie, trente mille Algériennes et Algériens de la région parisienne manifestèrent pacifiquement contre le couvre-feu qui leur était imposé. Cette manifestation fut brutalement réprimée sur ordre du préfet de police de Paris. Des manifestants furent tués par balles, des centaines d’hommes et de femmes furent jetées dans la Seine et des milliers furent battus et emprisonnés. On retrouvera des cadavres dans le canal de Saint-Denis. Contre le racisme et l’oubli, pour la démocratie et les droits humains, cette plaque a été dévoilée par Didier Paillard, maire de Saint-Denis, le 21 mars 2007. » Mais néanmoins le contexte du colonialisme reste ignoré, illustrant une fois de plus que la France ne s’est jamais confrontée avec la violence de son passé, structurellement raciste et coloniale. La même ignorance prévaut pour la violence actuelle, qui en est directement issue

Plus de 27% de la population française actuelle était en vie en 1961, et de nombreux acteurs du massacre du 17 octobre, manifestant.e.s algérien.ne.s et policiers français, en portent encore le souvenir, les blessures traumatiques (pour les premier.e.s) et la responsabilité impunie (pour les seconds). L’histoire oublie souvent de mentionner comment bourreaux et victimes ont à cohabiter dans une société indifférente à la violence de la relation qui les a liés, voire qui nie cette violence. À cet égard, la généalogie de cette violence n’est pas uniquement perpétuée au fil des générations, mais aussi par la racialisation de la société française, dirigée et contrôlée par une classe et une police en très grande majorité blanches — l’exemple le plus frappant en est la Brigade Anti-Criminalité (BAC) créée en 1971 selon la logique coloniale de la BNA et de la BAV, et particulièrement active dans les banlieues. À l’autre bout du spectre, des sujets racisés dont les vies sont souvent géographiquement, socialement et économiquement discriminées. Paris n’ayant pas structurellement évolué depuis la seconde moitié du 19e siècle, la spatialité militarisée à l’œuvre dans les cartes ci-dessous reste aujourd’hui prégnante.

https://vacarme.org/IMG/jpg/01-_bidonville_de_la_folie.jpg https://vacarme.org/local/cache-vignettes/L1100xH1055/arton3082-0b498.jpg?1537302291#.jpg

Why Data Privacy Based on Consent Is Impossible
▻https://hbr.org/2018/09/stop-thinking-about-consent-it-isnt-possible-and-it-isnt-right

https://hbr.org/resources/images/article_assets/2018/09/berinato_qa_Premium.jpg

For a philosopher, Helen Nissenbaum is a surprisingly active participant in shaping how we collect, use, and protect personal data. Nissenbaum, who earned her PhD from Stanford, is a professor of information science at Cornell Tech, New York City, where she focuses on the intersection of politics, ethics, and values in technology and digital media — the hard stuff. Her framework for understanding digital privacy has deeply influenced real-world policy.

HBR senior editor Scott Berinato spoke with Nissenbaum about the concept of consent, a good definition of privacy, and why privacy is a moral issue. The following excerpts from their conversation have been edited for clarity and length.

HBR: You often sound frustrated when you talk about the idea of consent as a privacy mechanism. Why?

Nissenbaum: Oh, it’s just such a [long pause] — look, the operationalization of consent is just so, so crummy. For example, as part of GDPR, we’re now constantly seeing pop-ups that say, “Hey, we use cookies — click here.” This doesn’t help. You have no idea what you’re doing, what you’re consenting to. A meaningful choice would be, say, “I’m OK that you’re using cookies to track me” or “I don’t want to be tracked but still want to enjoy the service” or “It’s fine to use cookies for this particular transaction, but throw unnecessary data out and never share it with others.” But none of these choices are provided. In what sense is this a matter of choosing (versus mere picking)?

The farce of consent as currently deployed is probably doing more harm as it gives the misimpression of meaningful control that we are guiltily ceding because we are too ignorant to do otherwise and are impatient for, or need, the proffered service. There is a strong sense that consent is still fundamental to respecting people’s privacy. In some cases, yes, consent is essential. But what we have today is not really consent.

Even if you tried to create totally transparent consent, you couldn’t. Well-meaning companies don’t know everything that happens with the data they collect, particularly those that have succumbed, against their better judgment, to the pressures of online tracking and behavioral targeting. They don’t know where the data is going or how it will be utilized. It’s an ever-changing landscape. On the one hand, requiring consent for every use isn’t reasonable and may prevent as many good outcomes as bad ones. Imagine if new science suggests a connection between a property, or cluster of properties, and a particular cancer treatment. Returning for consent may impose obstacles that are impossible to overcome.

But on the other hand, what exactly does it mean to grant consent no matter what uses may come up in the future? Think about a surgeon explaining a procedure to a patient in great medical detail and then asking, “Are you OK with this?” We kid ourselves if we believe that consent is all that stands in the way of surgery and outcome. Most of us say OK not because we deeply grasp the details and ramifications but because we trust the institutions that educate and train surgeons, the integrity of the medical domain, and — at worst — the self-interest of the hospitals and surgeons wishing for positive acclaim and to avoid being sued.

It’s not that we don’t know what consent means; it’s that getting to a point where we understand the true sense of what consent means is impossible.

Annexe : devinez chez quel éditeur le livre Obfuscation d’Helen Nissenbaum va paraître cet automne ?

#Helen_Nissenbaum #Vie_privée #Consentement

Cornell professor resigns after review questions his food studies | syracuse.com
▻http://www.syracuse.com/state/index.ssf/2018/09/cornell_professor_resigns_food_research.html

https://media.advance.net/newyorkupstatecom_national_desk_blog/photo/2018/09/21/cornell-university-c2f17cf6612dd980.jpg

A Cornell professor whose attention-getting food studies made him a media darling has submitted his resignation, the school said Thursday, a dramatic fall for a scholar whose work increasingly came under question in recent years.

The university said in a statement that a year-long review found that Brian Wansink “committed academic misconduct in his research and scholarship, including misreporting of research data, problematic statistical techniques, failure to properly document and preserve research results, and inappropriate authorship.”

#autorité #expert #air_du_temps

Shadowy Black Axe group leaves trail of tattered lives - The Globe and Mail
▻https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/shadowy-black-axe-group-leaves-trail-of-tattered-lives/article27244946

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Canadian police say they are fighting a new kind of criminal organization.

The signs began to appear two years ago: photos on Facebook of men wearing odd, matching outfits.

Then there were stories, even old police files, attached to the people in the photos: a kidnapping, a man run over by a car, brutal beatings over what seemed to be a small slight.

Mapping a secret criminal hierarchy for the first time is a rare kind of detective work. So when two Toronto police officers and an RCMP analyst in British Columbia started documenting the existence of something called the “Black Axe, Canada Zone,” they could not have predicted it would take them to funerals, suburban barbecue joints and deep into African history before they understood what they were seeing.

The Black Axe is feared in Nigeria, where it originated. It is a “death cult,” one expert said. Once an idealistic university fraternity, the group has been linked to decades of murders and rapes, and its members are said to swear a blood oath.

Most often, the group is likened to the Mob or to biker gangs, especially as it spreads outside Nigeria.

An investigation by The Globe and Mail that included interviews with about 20 people found that “Axemen,” as they call themselves, are setting up chapters around the world, including in Canada.

Like any criminal organization, it focuses on profit, police say. But instead of drug or sex trafficking, it specializes in a crime many consider minor and non-violent: scamming.

What police have also learned is that, when done on an “industrial” level as part of a professional global network, scams ruin lives on a scale they have rarely seen.

Two weeks ago, at a news conference attended by FBI officers, Toronto police announced they had taken part in an international crackdown on a money-laundering network through which more than $5-billion flowed in just over a year. Two local men charged with defrauding a Toronto widow of her life’s savings will eventually face extradition to the United States on money-laundering charges, they said.

Online fraud is fluid, global and hard-to-track, but it often requires local operatives. Several Toronto-area residents have been defrauded of at least $1-million each in the past two years, and police allege the money was wired with the help of Canadian residents linked to the Black Axe, and sometimes it was handed to the group’s associates in person. The recipients then sent the money ricocheting through bank accounts around the globe, with trusted members in countries on every continent helping with the transfers before it disappeared.

The sophistication of the money-laundering scheme reflects the efficiency of the scams, in which several people assume false identities and mix reality – bank accounts, real names and real websites – with fake documents.

The police added an extra charge for one of the men they arrested, Akohomen Ighedoise, 41: “participating in a criminal organization.”

Officers said in an interview they seized documents that will prove in court that Mr. Ighedoise separately helped a network of fraudsters launder money, that the fraudsters are members of the Black Axe and that he is their bookkeeper. The charge is the first time a Canadian has been publicly linked to the group.

Interviews with police, gang experts and Nigerian academics paint a picture of an organization both public and enigmatic, with an ostensible charitable purpose as well as secret codes and a strict hierarchy. Police say it has grown to 200 people across Canada.

Officers in Canada first heard the name “Black Axe” less than two years ago, said Tim Trotter, a detective constable with the Toronto Police Service. They are working quickly, trying to stop the group from becoming entrenched.

“I mean, 100 years ago, law enforcement dealt with the same thing, the Sicilian black hand, right? It meant nothing to anybody except the Sicilian community,” Det. Constable Trotter said. “And that’s what we have here – that’s what we believe we have here.”

**

Many scam victims lose a few thousand dollars. Soraya Emami, one of Toronto’s most recent victims, lost everything, including many friends.

In 1988, Ms. Emami fled her native Iran with her four sons. Her husband was jailed by the regime and his passport was held for years. Ms. Emami flew to Canada and became a real estate agent in North York.

It took 30 years to save for a nice house in quiet Stouffville, Ont. The rest of her earnings went to her boys, who grew up to be a doctor, an engineer, a computer engineer and a bank manager. Last year, the youngest – a fifth son, born in Canada – began university. She and her husband had never reunited, and for the first time in decades, Ms. Emami thought about dating.

“My kids grow up, and I feel lonely,” said the 63-year-old, who has long, wavy black hair. “I didn’t know how, and because I’m not [used to] any relationship, I feel shy.”

Ms. Emami saw a TV commercial for Match.com and joined, hesitantly. A few days later, she told a friend she had heard from a tanned, white-haired, very nice geologist. Fredrick Franklin said he lived just 45 minutes away, in Toronto’s wealthy Bridle Path neighbourhood.

He had spent years in Australia, and when they talked on the phone, she could not always understand his thick accent at first. He called her several times a day from Vancouver, where he was on a business trip, then from Turkey, where he travelled on a short contract. He was to fly home via Delta airlines on May 5. She would pick him up from the airport, and they would finally meet.

“I am a simple man in nature, very easy going,” he wrote in an e-mail, telling her about his son and granddaughters. “I have done the Heart and Stroke ride in Toronto for the past 2 years, have also done the MS ride from London to Grand Bend.”

A few days before his return date, Mr. Franklin called Ms. Emami in a panic. His bank had told him someone had tried to gain access to his account, he said. He could not clear it up from rural Turkey, so would she mind calling the bank and reporting back with his balance? He e-mailed the phone number for SunTrust bank, a 10-digit account number and a nine-digit tax ID number.

She spoke to a bank teller. The balance, she was told, was $18-million.

A few days later, Mr. Franklin asked for a small favour – could she send him a new phone and laptop – saying he would repay her upon his return. She acquiesced, believing he could pay her back.

Within a few weeks, she lost half a million dollars, and the scam would cost her the home in Stouffville.

What perplexes police about some of the Toronto romance frauds is not how the victims could be so naive, but how the fraudsters could be so convincing.

The SunTrust account appears to be real, The Globe determined after retracing the steps Ms. Emami took to access it. The bank said it could not verify the account’s existence, as that was client-related information.

In the course of the scam, Ms. Emami spoke to at least five people other than the Aussie geologist, including two in person.

In June, in what they called Project Unromantic, York Regional Police charged nine local people in several cases, including that of Ms. Emami, that added up to $1.5-million. They considered the criminals to be internationally connected. “We don’t know who’s at the top, but there seems to be a hierarchy,” Detective Courtney Chang said.

The Toronto police believe the crimes that led to their charges against Mr. Ighedoise are linked to the ones in York Region.

*

Canadian police came across the Black Axe by happenstance. In 2013, an RCMP analyst in Vancouver was investigating a West Coast fraud suspect and found a photo of him on Facebook with another man, said Det. Constable Trotter (the analyst would not speak to The Globe). Both were wearing unusual clothes and seemed to be at a meeting in Toronto.

The analyst discovered the second man was under investigation by Toronto financial crimes detective Mike Kelly, an old partner of Det. Constable Trotter. The analyst e-mailed Det. Constable Kelly to ask if he knew the significance of what the two men in the photo were wearing.

The uniform of the Black Axe is a black beret, a yellow soccer scarf and high yellow socks. These items often have a patch or insignia showing two manacled hands with an axe separating the chain between them, which sometimes also says “Black Axe” or “NBM,” standing for “Neo-Black Movement,” another name for the group. They often incorporate the numbers seven or 147.

The group tries to maintain a public image of volunteerism. It has been registered as a corporation in Ontario since 2012 under the name “Neo-Black Movement of Africa North America,” with Mr. Ighedoise among several people listed as administrators. In the United Kingdom, said Det. Constable Trotter, it has been known to make small donations – to a local hospital, for example – and then claim to be in a “partnership” with the legitimate organization.

In the GTA, the group got itself listed publicly in 2013 as a member of Volunteer MBC, a volunteer centre serving Mississauga, Brampton and Caledon. But after expressing an interest in recruiting volunteers, the group involved never posted an ad, and staff at the centre said when they tried to follow up, they found the three yahoo.com addresses on file were no longer working.

Police found plenty of photos on social media of men in Axemen uniforms at what were said to be conferences or events.

Det. Constable Kelly and Det. Constable Trotter compiled a list of people in Canada photographed wearing Axemen outfits. From a car, they watched some of them attend a funeral. One mourner had yellow socks and a yellow cummerbund with NBM on it, Det. Constable Trotter said. The rest were dressed normally. Near the end of the ceremony, “all of a sudden the berets and everything came out, and then they put the coffin into the earth,” he said.

As they added names to their list, the investigators checked each one for connections to previous cases.

What they found were 10 to 20 episodes of serious violence over the past few years clearly linked to members of the group, many of them at a Nigerian restaurant in northwest Toronto, Det. Constable Trotter said. One man had been run over by a car; another was allegedly kidnapped and beaten with a liquor bottle for a day in an abandoned building; a man was knocked to the ground for refusing to fetch another man a beer. Witnesses generally refused to talk.

In one incident, a group of men had insulted another man’s girlfriend, and when he objected, they “beat the living hell” out of him, leaving him with cranial fractures, Det. Constable Trotter said.

“Without the understanding of the context, it’s just a bar fight,” he said. “But when we understand who those people were, and we realize, oh, they’re all affiliated to the group … that’s why no one called [911]. And that’s why, when the police came, suddenly, oh no, those cameras don’t work. And that’s why, out of a bar full of people, the only witness was his girlfriend.”

That case and the kidnapping case are before the courts, Det. Constable Trotter said. The Globe tried to search for all court records linked to the bar’s address over the past few years, but was told such a search is impossible.

Police have six criteria to identify members of the group, Det. Constable Trotter said. If a person meets three of the six, he is considered a likely member.

Police have documents that show when certain people were “blended” or initiated into the group, including some in Toronto, he said. Members live mostly in Toronto, Calgary and Vancouver.

“There’s evidence that they’ve been active since 2005, so that’s a decade’s worth of ability to lay under the radar and become ensconced in the criminal community,” he said.

To set up scams, they work from cafés or home and are “fastidious” about deleting their online history, Det. Constable Kelly said.

“They have names, titles, they show respect,” Det. Constable Trotter said. “They pay dues to each other. Individuals are detailed by higher-ranking individuals to do things.”

As they learned of the group’s fearsome reputation in Nigeria, the officers began to equate it more with established Canadian organized crime. At Afrofest in Woodbine Park one summer, a group of Axemen walked through in full uniform – not something anyone from the Nigerian community would do lightly, Det. Constable Trotter said. “I wouldn’t wear a Hells Angels vest if I wasn’t a Hells Angel.”

He began to worry the group’s brazenness would signify to the community that “Axemen are here. And they’re open about it, and the police are doing nothing.”

*

Fraternities such as the Black Axe were born during an optimistic time in Nigeria’s recent history, and at first they reflected it. In the postcolonial 1970s, they were modelled after U.S. fraternities. They attracted top students and were meant to foster pan-African unity and Nigeria’s future leaders.

When the country descended into widespread corruption after its oil boom, the fraternities split into factions and violently sought power on campuses, trying to control grades and student politics and gain the loyalty of the richest, best-connected students.

Through the 1990s and 2000s, the groups inspired terror: Students were hacked to death or shot in their sleep, and professors were murdered in their offices in what seemed to be random attacks. Researchers say such crimes were often assigned to new members in their late teens to prove their allegiance after a painful hazing in an isolated cemetery or forest.

“Sometimes, they are given some tough assignments like raping a very popular female student or a female member of the university staff,” Adewale Rotimi wrote in a 2005 scholarly article.

Raping the daughters of rich and powerful families, or the girlfriends of enemies, was another tactic of the groups to prove their dominance, Ifeanyi Ezeonu wrote in 2013.

In addition to innocent victims, one West African organization fighting cult violence says more than 1,700 fraternity members died in inter-group wars in a 10-year span. The groups were outlawed, and much of their ritualistic element – night-time ceremonies, code words – seemed to evolve to avoid detection, said Ogaga Ifowodo, who was a student in Nigeria during the 1980s and later taught at Cornell and Texas State universities.

“Early on … you could distinguish them by their costume,” he said. “The Black Axe, they tended to wear black berets, black shirt and jeans.”

The transformation was not a coincidence, Mr. Ifowodo said.

“At that time, we were under military dictatorships, and they had actually propped up the now-secret cults as a way of weakening the students’ movements,” he said. “It violates something that I think is sacred to an academic community, which is bringing into campus a kind of Mafia ethos.”

But this does not explain whether, or how, the fraternities could morph into a sophisticated global crime syndicate.

In Nigeria, the groups are not associated with fraud, said Etannibi Alemika, who teaches at Nigeria’s University of Jos. Mr. Ifowodo agreed. However, he also backed Toronto Police’s conclusion that Black Axe is one and the same as the Neo-Black Movement. In a briefing document posted online, Canada’s Immigration and Refugee Board says the two are closely linked, but speculates that the Black Axe is a “splinter group” of the NBM.

The NBM is known to carry out fraud, said Jonathan Matusitz, a professor at the University of Central Florida who has studied Nigerian fraternities. He said the group’s members have also been linked, mostly in Nigeria, to drug trafficking, pimping, extortion, and the falsification or copying of passports and credit cards.

“I think that the NBM movement is more about scamming people, and it has some associations with the Black Axe, which kills people,” he said. “Have they joined forces to have like a super-group? I hope not.”

Despite police fears, several people interviewed by The Globe, mostly business owners, said they had never heard of the Black Axe before the police news conference last week.

Kingsley Jesuorobo, a Toronto lawyer who has many Nigerian-Canadian clients, said he has never heard of anyone being intimidated by the group.

Mr. Jesuorobo said he is familiar with the Black Axe in the Nigerian context, but cannot imagine it posing a real threat in Canada. It is more likely that former members gravitate to each other for social reasons, he said.

“It would be a case of comparing apples and oranges to look at how these guys operate – the impunity that characterizes their actions – in Nigeria, and then sort of come to the conclusion that they can do the same thing here,” he said.

For Nigerian-Canadians, a cultural minority working hard to establish themselves, the idea is very troubling, he said.

“If these things are true, it would be a bad omen for our community,” he said.

*

After confirming her love interest’s $18-million bank balance, Ms. Emami did not hear from him for a few days. When they spoke again, she told him she had worried. He responded that it was a sign of how close they had become; she had sensed something had happened.

The geologist said that during his contract in Turkey, he had been in a mining accident. He was injured and could not get to Istanbul to replace his phone and laptop, which had been destroyed, so would she buy new ones and send them by courier? Ms. Emami went to the Apple Store at Fairview Mall and called him, asking if he could pay with his credit card over the phone. He said the store would not allow it, and the employee agreed. So she bought the $4,000 laptop and phone and shipped them.

A few days later, he called again: He needed $80,000 to pay the salary of an employee, promising to repay with interest. She told him she would have to borrow from her son, but he reassured her, and she wired the money in several instalments.

The day of his flight, a man called and said he was Mr. Franklin’s lawyer and was with him at the Istanbul airport. Someone injured in the mining accident had died, he said, and Mr. Franklin owed $130,000 to his family or he would go to jail.

“He’s calling me, he’s crying to me,” she said. “I didn’t have any choice. I go to friends and everybody I know. Because you know, when you’re trying to be a good person, everybody trusts you. …Whatever I asked, they give me.”

Even a friend of a friend, a cab driver, lent her thousands. “He told me, you know, dollar by dollar I collected this money,” she recalled.

Mr. Franklin sent her details of his rebooked flight, and she promised to pick him up and cook a meal. He would love that, he said; he liked chicken.

“You don’t believe how much food I make for him,” she said.

She was waiting with the packed-up meal the morning of his flight when the phone rang again. It was another lawyer, this time at the Frankfurt airport, he said. Mr. Franklin owed $250,000 in tax before he could leave the country with a valuable stone.

“My heart is just – crash,” she said. “I was crying on the phone. I said, ’Please don’t do this to me. … Why are you doing this to me? I told you from the first day, I’m borrowing this money from people.’”

A man saying he was Mr. Franklin’s son, who also had an Australian accent, called and told her he had remortgaged his house to save his father and might lose custody of his children because of it. Ms. Emami pulled together $158,000. When her bank would not let her transfer the money, she was instructed to meet a man and a woman in person who deposited it into their accounts.

Ms. Emami’s son and her manager at work persuaded her to go to police. When officers told her Mr. Franklin was not real and the money was likely gone for good, they called a psychiatrist to help her grasp the news.

She cannot pay her bills or afford groceries, her credit rating is destroyed and she is hunting for work despite crippling headaches. On Oct. 27, she was served with notice that she will lose her house in Stouffville in 20 days.

“I can’t sleep,” she said recently, crying.

She had always considered it her “duty” to help people in need, she said. Now her friends, even her sons, are angry that the scam impoverished them as well.

“It’s my life, it’s my relationships,” she said. “And after 30 years living here with five kids, you know, I can’t live in the street. I can’t go to the shelter.”

*

Other local women describe the lengths fraudsters went to to blend truth and fiction. One received a forged Ontario provincial contract. Two victims in York said the scammers impersonated an Edmonton mining executive. The fraudsters build Facebook and LinkedIn accounts that seem to be populated by friends and family.

“When we Google them, they do seem real,” one woman said.

Daniel Williams of the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre, a federal intelligence-gathering agency on fraud, said the scammers profit from economies of scale. “What they did to you, they were doing to 8,000 people that day,” he said.

The agency gets more calls from fraud victims a day than it can answer, sometimes exceeding 2,000. Staff look for waves of calls complaining of the same methods.

Authorities estimate they are only ever aware of about 1 per cent to 5 per cent of fraud committed globally, Mr. Williams said. Many victims do not believe they have been scammed or will not report it out of embarrassment.

Fraudsters, sometimes using credit checks, also home in on well-off victims for special treatment, Det. Constable Kelly said.

“It’s just like, oh, we’ve got somebody on $100,000 level, let’s steer this to this person,” he said.

The amount taken from Toronto victims alone is “absolutely astonishing,” he said.

“If you were going to distribute cocaine, for example, you have to buy that cocaine from another smuggler somewhere, and you have to put up money for that,” he said.

“In fraud, what is your put-up? What is your overhead? Your commodity that you’re trading in, that you’re selling, is BS. BS is cheap, it’s abundant, it’s infinite. You know, it can be replicated again and again and again and again. … And that’s why it’s a better business.”

Fraudsters based in Canada work with people in Kuala Lumpur, in Tokyo, in Lagos, Det. Constable Kelly said.

At the turn of the 20th century in New York, Italian-owned banks started suffering bombings, and homes were mysteriously burned down. Police heard the incidents happened after warnings from something called the “black hand.” But no officers spoke Italian, and investigations were stymied.

It was not until the 1950s that widespread police crackdowns began. By that time, the group now known as the Mafia had spread around the world and made new alliances. The FBI estimates the organization has about 25,000 members and a quarter-million affiliates worldwide, including about 3,000 in the United States.

Police hope the charge against Mr. Ighedoise will send an early message to Canada’s Axemen. York and Toronto officers are working to confirm connections between the fraud ring that impoverished Ms. Emami and the ring that Mr. Ighedoise is alleged to help lead.

At their recent press conference, they appealed to the Nigerian community to report instances where the Black Axe has “intimidated” others.

They want to know how ambitious the group really is, Det. Constable Trotter said, and how much it is feared.

If Axemen rely on selling stories, he said, the most important one is for their own community: “That [they] have all the power and authority and the propensity for violence that [they] have back home, here in Canada.”

#Canada #scam #Nigeria #Black_Axe

Notre planète fonce vers un point de rupture qui déboucherait sur un scénario catastrophe irréversible. C’est l’avertissement lancé par des chercheurs internationaux dans une nouvelle étude sur le climat, publiée lundi dans la revue Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Trajectories of the Earth System in the Anthropocene - Steffen et al 2018 Trajectories of the Earth System in the Anthropocene_0.pdf
▻https://liverman.faculty.arizona.edu/sites/liverman.faculty.arizona.edu/files/2018-08/Steffen+et%20al%202018%20Trajectories%20of%20the%20Earth%2

We explore the risk that self-reinforcing feedbacks could push the Earth System toward a planetary threshold that, if crossed, could
prevent stabilization of the climate at intermediate temperature rises and cause continued warming on a“Hothouse Earth” pathway even as
human emissions are reduced. Crossing the threshold would lead to
a much higher global average temperature than any interglacial in
the past
1.2 million years and to sea levels significantly higher than at any time in the Holocene. We examine the evidence that such a threshold
might exist and where it might be. If the threshold is crossed, the
resulting trajectory would likely cause serious disruptions to ecosystems, society, and economies. Collective human action is
required to steer the Earth System away from a potential threshold
and stabilize it in a habitable interglacial-like state. Such action
entails stewardship of the entire Earth System and could include
decarbonization of the global economy, enhancement of biosphere
carbon sinks, behavioral changes, technological innovations, new
governance arrangements, and transformed social values.

Insolite : des robots actionnés par du pop-corn
▻https://www.futura-sciences.com/tech/actualites/robotique-insolite-robots-actionnes-pop-corn-71974

Des chercheurs de l’université Cornell ont eu l’idée d’utiliser la cuisson de pop-corn comme mécanisme pour actionner une pince articulée. Les …

https://fr.cdn.v5.futura-sciences.com/buildsv6/images/wide1920/c/a/8/ca8888fca7_127988_pop-corn-robot.jpg

Quand le portable sert à espionner ses proches...
▻https://abonnes.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2018/07/03/quand-le-portable-sert-a-espionner-ses-proches_5324844_3234.html

https://img.lemde.fr/2018/07/02/292/0/3500/1750/644/322/60/0/3fe0842_EMZ2012_USA-WEATHER-_0701_11.JPG

Si cette famille a choisi d’utiliser cette application, beaucoup d’associations tirent la sonnette d’alarme : ce genre de système de pistage, parfaitement légal pour la surveillance d’enfants, est de plus en plus détourné dans le cadre de harcèlement ou de violences familiales. Selon une étude réalisée auprès de 700 femmes victimes de violence domestique, réalisée en 2015 par Women’s Aid, une association britannique, le tiers d’entre elles a été suivi à la trace par des logiciels espions de ce genre. « C’est très courant et ça se développe », estime Katie Ghose, sa directrice.
Tout un écosystème économique

Fin mai, une étude américaine des universités de New York, Cornell, Hunter College et Technion a, pour la première fois, tenté de mesurer le phénomène. Elle a identifié au moins 280 applications vendues sur Google Play Store, et 23 hors des magasins d’applications (qu’il faut télécharger sur un ordinateur avant de les transférer sur un téléphone). Et encore, les chercheurs considèrent que ce nombre de spywares (« logiciels espions ») est sous-évalué, notamment parce qu’ils n’ont recensé que ceux en anglais.

Installer une telle application nécessite d’avoir physiquement accès au téléphone à espionner et d’en posséder le mot de passe. Mais, dans le cadre familial, une telle situation est relativement courante. Ensuite, de nombreuses applications offrent l’option de ne pas faire apparaître d’icône sur le téléphone de la personne surveillée, qui n’a donc aucune possibilité de savoir qu’elle est espionnée.

Les logiciels espions permettent non seulement de suivre quelqu’un à distance, mais aussi d’avoir accès à ses SMS et à la liste de ses appels. Des versions un peu plus perfectionnées permettent aussi de lire les messages des réseaux sociaux WhatsApp, Facebook ou même les relations sur le site de rencontres Tinder. Dans les cas les plus extrêmes, il est possible d’activer à distance le micro et la caméra d’un téléphone, à l’insu de son utilisateur.

Les vraies bénéficiaires économiques sont évidemment les entreprises qui créent ces applications. Si l’immense majorité affirme travailler pour protéger les enfants, leur duplicité apparaît rapidement. « Sur leurs sites, on trouve souvent des sections qui indiquent : “Comment suivre ma petite amie qui me trompe ?”, explique Periwinkle Doerfler, l’une des auteures de l’étude. J’étais surprise de voir à quel point les applications ne cherchaient pas à se cacher. »

Se faisant passer pour une cliente potentielle, les chercheurs ont contacté onze logiciels espions, leur demandant : « Si j’utilise votre application, mon mari sera-t-il au courant que je le suis à la trace ? » Huit d’entre eux ont répondu très ouvertement que le mari n’en saurait rien. Deux n’ont pas répondu et une seule a répliqué qu’une telle action serait inacceptable.

L’application HelloSpy est l’un des exemples les plus choquants. Pour illustrer son logiciel, le site utilise la photo d’une femme avec un œil au beurre noir, tandis que son conjoint lui attrape le bras d’un air menaçant.

Difficile d’évaluer précisément la taille du marché, mais il y a potentiellement beaucoup d’argent à la clé. Life360, une entreprise californienne qui se dit numéro un mondial du marché, et qui est la seule à avoir répondu à nos questions pour cet article, affirme que 12 millions de familles l’utilisent. La majorité télécharge la version gratuite. La version payante coûte 45 euros par an.

En novembre 2017, en France, le Haut Conseil à l’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes mentionnait mSpy comme l’une des méthodes les plus utilisées pour espionner. Son coût : 170 euros par an. De nombreux blogs, qui semblent écrits en sous-main par cette entreprise et renvoient vers son application, expliquent comment celle-ci est invisible pour la personne espionnée : « Vous pouvez être sûr que votre petite amie ne saura pas qu’elle est suivie », note l’un d’eux.

voir aussi : ▻http://hellospy.com/hellospy-for-personal-catch-cheating-spouses.aspx?lang=en-US
Mobile Spy App for Personal Catch Cheating Spouses

One of the unpleasant truths most married individuals are blissfully ignorant of is the surprisingly high occurrence of infidelity & extramarital affairs.

The past two decades has made infidelity more accessible than ever mostly because of the ascent of two majorly disruptive technologies: online social networks and mobile phones.

Up to 90% of marital affairs may include the use of a mobile phone or email as a preferred means for communication.

Good news is that technology can also be used to detect & reveal infidelity.

#Violences_sexistes #Mobile #surveillance #Economie_numérique

The Sackler family made billions from OxyContin. Why do top US colleges take money tainted by the opioid crisis? | US news | The Guardian
►https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/27/universities-sackler-family-purdue-pharma-oxycontin-opioids

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/94c7ebd48e1b5049ca2c598f8c7ce3618ed2361a/0_623_3883_2330/master/3883.jpg?w=1200&h=630&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Centropy&bm=normal&ba=bottom%2Cleft&blend64=aHR0cHM6Ly91cGxvYWRzLmd1aW0uY28udWsvMjAxOC8wMS8zMS9mYWNlYm9va19kZWZhdWx0LnBuZw&s=d726ddb8d8c131ebcf7096609c647a0f

Purdue Pharma pleaded guilty in 2006 in federal court to marketing OxyContin “with the intent to defraud or mislead”. At the time, the company paid a $600m fine – widely seen as a slap on the wrist – while executives paid additional fines of $34.5m.

Over the years, some of America’s leading universities have accepted large sums of money from the Sacklers for science research and the Sackler name is prominently attached to their institutions. So, in light of recent revelations about the origins of the Sackler wealth, will these universities attempt to somehow hold the Sacklers to account?

For now, they are not saying.

Four universities contacted declined requests for an interview. “We will not be able to offer anyone for an interview,” said Weill Cornell Medicine, home of the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical and Physical Sciences.

“At this time, we do not have any comment,” replied Tufts University, which is home to the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences.

Questions to Columbia University about its Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology went unanswered.

Among the universities contacted, the one that did respond was Yale, which has a professorship funded by the Sacklers at its Cancer Center and which is also home to the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Institute for Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

While Yale would not agree to an interview, nor would it answer specific questions about its decision to accept Sackler funds, it did provide a written statement which said in part: “The Sackler family has provided generous gifts to support research at Yale in service of our mission to improve the world today and for future generations.”

The statement also acknowledged the toll of opioids and catalogued the broader work the university is doing to combat the epidemic. “Yale faculty members, staff, and students – particularly those in the departments of psychiatry, internal medicine, and emergency medicine – are working tirelessly to determine the causes of and treatments for addiction.”

As for OxyContin, universities may find it increasingly difficult to champion their research under the Sackler banner

But do Yale’s good works justify its decision to accept Sackler funds?
Advertisement

Reich says the answer is complicated. “The relevant question is not just a utilitarian one about whether or not tainted money can be used to produce some aggregate social benefit,” he says. “There’s the question about whether Yale or any other university wants to be complicit in the reputation laundering of the donor. And at the very minimum there is that negative to put on the ledger of whatever good could be done with the gift.”

For a long time, the Sacklers flew under the radar. Forbes concedes that when it launched its initial list of wealthiest US families in 2014, it missed the Sacklers entirely, but their 2015 edition notes that their wealth exceeds that of famed families like the Mellons and the Rockefellers.

It was only last October, when investigations into the origins of the family’s wealth were published by the New Yorker, Esquire and others, that the spotlight began to shine intensely on them.

#Opioides #Universités

Instead of a Conclusion — Plots Against Russia
▻http://plotsagainstrussia.org/eb7nyuedu/2017/6/15/instead-of-a-conclusion

This is the last post in the Plots against Russia blog, a project that went on line one year and eight months ago. Obviously, the book is not yet finished, but, with two exceptions, I have completed the first draft. The first exception is the Ukraine chapter, which does not conclude so much as stop. The second is, of course, the Conclusion. In each case, I decided that it would make more sense to do this writing once I have thoroughly revised the rest of the manuscript.

So that is what I am now going to do. My hope is to give the completed MS to Cornell University Press for review by the end of this calendar year. Should that process go well, when the book is published, I will take down most of the content of this blog (by agreement with the press). But I’ll still use this site for updates and announcements.
...

With best wishes from all my Illuminati friends,

#Russie #politique

Gregory Klimov. The Terror Machine
▻http://antimatrix.org/Convert/Books/Klimov/klimov-pp-e

About author
Gregory Petrovich Klimov

Russian writer, member of the Writers’ Union of Russia. Author of the bestseller “Terror Machine”, published in 12 languages ​​in the “Reader’s Digest” sold more than 17 million copies. Three films based on this book were made in England, Germany and the United States in the years 1953-1954 German film “WEG OHNE UMKEHR”, was awarded at the International Film Festival in Berlin in 1954, the title of “the best German film of the year.” English “THE ROAD OF NO RETURN” and the American “NO WAY BACK” movies for a long time did not descend from screens all over the world.

The author of the books:

1951 MAШИНА ТЕРРОРА (БЕРЛИНСКИЙ КРЕМЛЬ, КРЫЛЬЯ ХОЛОПА, ПЕСНЬ ПОБЕДИТЕЛЯ)
[TERROR MACHINE 1951 (BERLIN Kremlin LACKEY’S WINGS, WINNING SONG)]
1970 КНЯЗЬ MИРА СEГO
[THE PRINCE OF THIS WORLD]
1973 ДEЛO #69
[The case #69]
1975 ИМЯ MOЕ ЛEГИOН
[MY NAME IS THE LEGION]
1981 ПРОТОКОЛЫ СОВЕТСКИХ МУДРЕЦОВ
[THE PROTOCOLS OF THE SOVIET ELDERS]
1987 КРАСНАЯ КАББAЛA
[RED KABBALAH]
1989 БОЖИЙ НАРОД
[GOD’S CHOSEN PEOPLE]

Grigory Klimov, born September 26, 1918 in the city of Novocherkassk, Russia, in the family a doctor. In 1941 graduated with honors from the Novocherkassk Industrial Institute, and entered the Military-Diplomatic Academy in Moscow.

In 1945 he graduated from the Academy and was assigned to work in Berlin, as the engineer-in-chief of the Soviet military administration.

In 1947 he was ordered to go back to the Stalin’s Moscow. After much deliberation, he fled to West Germany.

In 1949-1950 worked at the CIA’s highly classified subject “COLLAPSE OF THE COMMUNIST SYSTEM BY MEANS OF A SPECIAL TYPE PEOPLE. PEOPLE WITH THE POWER COMPLEX (Complex of latent homosexuality of Lenin).” The code name - Harvard Project. In 1951-55 he was the chairman of the Central Association of the Post-war Emigrants From The Soviet Union [ЦОПЭ] (TSOPE) and chief editor of the magazine “Freedom” and “Anti-Communist” (the latter in German).

In 1958-59 worked as a consultant at the Cornell Project in New York, where he was also engaged in all sorts of cunning psychological studies related to the Hungarian uprising of 1956.

The results of 50 years of work on this subject are reflected in the seven books. The last three are the abstracts of the series of lectures for the entire top of the command officers of the KGB, on the eve of perestroika.

All the books were published by Sovetskaya Kuban [СОВЕТСКАЯ КУБАНЬ] - Krasnodar, RUSSIA. Total circulation has exceeded one million.

For orders, please contact a representative of the publishing house Sovetskaya Kuban. Mironov Vladimir Leonidovich by e-mail klimov_gregory@yahoo.com

You can send your opinion about books or via e-mail to klimov_gregory@yahoo.com:

GREGORY KLIMOV
48-34 91 place
Elmhurst
New York 11373
USA

Gregory Klimov - Search results - Wikipedia
▻https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=Gregory+Klimov&title=Special:Search&fulltext=1&search

Klimov (surname)
Russian linguist Gregory Klimov (1918-2007), pen-name of Igor Kalmykov a.k.a. Ralph Werner, Soviet defector and writer Igor Klimov (born 1989), Russian

#anticommunisme #conspirationnisme #Russie #USA #guerre_froide

The Union of Concerned Mad Scientists — Plots Against Russia
▻http://plotsagainstrussia.org/eb7nyuedu/2016/7/6/the-union-of-concerned-mad-scientists

http://static1.squarespace.com/static/56316c94e4b098620a45e78a/56316f83e4b0918ad71bc0a5/577d11361b631bee7cedf628/1467902649330/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B8%CC%86+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg

Il est difficile de ne pas devenir fou ou pour le moins désorienté quand on se penche trop sur les projets anticommunistes et anti-russes. Leurs auteurs défendent avec obstination des thèses aberrantes comme si c’étaient des résultats de la recherche scientifique partagés par a totalité du monde éduqué et sérieux. C’est le destin du défecteur soviétique Gregory Klimov qui a publié ses livres sur internet et autorisé leur re-publication gratuite. Cet article nous informe sur quelques détails de sa vie.

July 06, 2016

Klimov’s vision of an anti-Russian conspiracy itself resembles the monstrous progeny of Cold War mad science that was such efficient fodder for the pop cultural mill throughout the world. Like Godzilla and the plethora of giant, radioactive vermin that attacked the major metropolitan centers of the United States and Japan on the movie screens of the 1950s, or the dangerous biological, nuclear, and psychotropic weapons let loose from ex-KGB laboratories in post-Soviet Russian thrillers, Klimov’s “Harvard Project” is a freakish offshoot of Cold War propaganda battles that has far exceeded the intentions (not to mention the life-spans) of the actual researchers who inspired it.

FROM A VKONTAKTE GROUP FOR HARWARD PROJECT ENTHUSIASTS.

According to his now defunct official website, (▻http://klimov.bravehost.com), which had previously been maintained by the “Gregory Klimov Online Fan Club Moscow,” Grigory Petrovich Klimov was born Igor Borisovich Kalmykov, not far from Rostov-on-Don in 1918. In 1945, he was employed as an engineer in Soviet-occupied Berlin, defecting to the Allies’ zone in 1947. From 1949-1950 he claims to have worked for the CIA on a secret plan to destroy the Soviet Union, codenamed the “Harvard Project,” which was followed by the “Cornell Project” for psychological warfare in 1958-1959. As his website puts it, his participation in the Harvard Project “affected his entire life and work,” but, “[s]ince psychological warfare was literally a war of psychos, Grigory Petrovich, being a normal person, could not continue to participate in a performance whose script was written by sick people.” 

Instead, he produced a cycle of novels and essays that purport to expose the evil machinations of the "Harvard Project’"s masterminds: The Prince of This World (Князь мира сего, 1970), My Name is Legion (Имя мое—легион, 1975), The Protocols of the Soviet Elders (Протоколы советский мудрецов, 1981), and Red Kabbalah (Красная каббала, 1987). Initially distributed among Soviet émigrés, copies of these books made their way into the Soviet Union before perestroika, after which they were eventually reprinted by right-wing Russian publishing houses (particularly, but not exclusively, "Sovetskaia Kuban’" in Krasnodar). In interviews (Mogutin) and elsewhere on his site, Klimov claims that the total print run of all his books is “more than 1,100,000 copies,” an assertion that is impossible to verify. [1] Moreover, Klimov repeatedly declared his willingness to have his books printed by anyone anywhere, foregoing copyright and royalties, and has made his texts freely available on the Internet. [2] For Klimov, the most important thing was to get his message out; thus, in 1997, he not only granted an interview to gay journalist Yaroslav Mogutin for Mitin zhurnal, but even agreed to have the text of the interview reprinted on his website, despite Mogutin’s thinly-veiled contempt for his subject and his insistence on faithfully transcribing all of Klimov’s grammatical mistakes and misplaced accents (▻http://klimov.bravehost.com/html/interview2.html). [3] 

Klimov’s depiction of the Harvard Project does have a basis in the culture of military/industrial think tanks funded by the US government in the 1950s, but from a vantage point that simultaneously distorts the results of this research while highlighting the improbable oddities that actually characterized US anti-communist psychological warfare. When discussing the Harvard Project, Klimov often invokes the name of Nathan Leitis, a University of Chicago graduate who joined the Rand Corporation in 1949 after working as an adviser to the US government during World War II. Leitis first made his mark at Rand with the 1951 publication of The Operational Code of the Politburo, which Ron Robin describes as “the most conspicuous attempt to fuse psychoculture and elite studies during the early Cold War years”. Leitis treated Communism as a “secular religion” (Leitis, The Operational Code xiv), and assumed that its leaders and adherents followed Marxist-Leninist Holy Writ without fail. His “operational code” (a quasi-semiotic elaboration of the rules and motivations that guided Bolshevik leaders) was a marvel of exegesis, teasing out decision-making patterns from numerous volumes of Communist theory and official pronouncements.

Notes

[1] My copy of the 1997 Sovetskaia Kuban’ edition of My Name is Legion is part of a “supplementary printing” of 1000 copies.

[2] Klimov’s works could be found not only on his own site, but also on the largest Russian etext server, Maxim Moshkov’s library (www.lib.ru), as well as numerous sites offering e-books in formats more convenient for higher-end e-book reading software.

[3] Mogutin himself has been identified with xenophobic Russian nationalism in his writings about Zhirinovsky and the war in Chechnya (Essig 143-146; Gessen, Dead Again 185-198), but even for him, Klimov’s theories were too extreme to be taken seriously.

#anticommunisme #conspirationnisme #Russie #USA #guerre_froide

How Amazon Delivers on Its Core Product : Convenience - Knowledge Wharton
▻http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/power-amazons-fulfillment-network

http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/060617_freeship_boxes.jpg

Amazon sells more goods than any one person could count – but the e-commerce giant’s true “core product” is convenience, and how quickly it can get an order from customers’ virtual shopping carts to their real-life doorsteps.

Part of what makes it so easy for Amazon to offer two-day or even same-day shipping to customers is its vast network of distribution centers, which are located across the U.S. and store and ship products to their final destinations. New research from Wharton business economics and public policy professor Katja Seim takes a closer look at how significantly expanding that distribution center network over the past decade has been key to Amazon’s growth strategy.

Seim recently spoke to Knowledge@Wharton about her paper, “Economies of Density in E-Commerce: A Study of Amazon’s Fulfillment Center Network,” which was co-authored with Cornell’s Jean-Francois Houde and Penn State’s Peter Newberry.

Une étude intéressante sur la localisation des centres de distribution de Amazon (et l’importance du paiement des impôts et autres facilités fiscales).

#Amazon #Commerce_électronique

Pourquoi sommes-nous « accro » à Facebook ? - Santé - LeVif.be
▻http://www.levif.be/actualite/sante/pourquoi-sommes-nous-accro-a-facebook/article-normal-817479.html

http://www.levif.be/medias/8654/4431043.jpg

Si Facebook est de plus en plus critiqué, peu d’utilisateurs ferment leur compte, pris entre injonction sociale et piège des algorithmes, soulignent les chercheurs qui s’inquiètent de l’opacité des plateformes de réseaux sociaux.

Pourquoi sommes-nous « accro » à Facebook ?

Face au scandale autour de l’utilisation indue de données personnelles par la firme britannique Cambridge Analytica à des fins électorales, les adeptes de Facebook « sont choqués mais pas surpris », estime Eric Baumer, professeur en sciences de l’information à Lehigh University, aux Etats-Unis.

« Est-ce que cela va les inciter à quitter Facebook définitivement, c’est une autre question... », dit-il à l’AFP.

En 2014, le groupe s’était déjà retrouvé dans la tourmente pour avoir secrètement manipulé les émotions d’utilisateurs dans le cadre d’une étude sur la « contagion émotionnelle », une affaire qui l’avait amené à changer les règles encadrant les recherches mais n’avait freiné l’expansion de la plateforme.

Sur internet, « on a presque l’habitude que nos données fassent l’objet d’une utilisation mercantile », remarque Nathalie Nadaud-Albertini, sociologue française des médias. « Mais que cela puisse servir dans le cadre de campagnes électorales nous gêne beaucoup plus, car cela touche au domaine des idéaux, des valeurs et des idées », dit-elle.

– « Réaction pulsionnelle » -

Pour autant, elle ne s’attend pas un exode des utilisateurs : « C’est devenu tellement central dans notre socialisation et nos interactions que supprimer Facebook et les autres réseaux est possible, mais suppose de se mettre un peu en marge de la société », analyse-t-elle, pointant « l’injonction sociale » à rejoindre ce site au plus de deux milliards d’inscrits.

Une étude sur l’addiction à cette plateforme « a montré que ce n’est pas forcément le lien social qui attire sur Facebook mais un phénomène d’addiction : certains utilisateurs nous disaient taper instinctivement sur la lettre F de leur clavier quand ils se connectaient », dit pour sa part Eric Baumer, auteur de cette recherche pour l’université Cornell.

Les mécanismes de cette addiction ? « Facebook joue sur la dimension émotionnelle en nous exposant à des informations qui sollicitent une réaction pulsionnelle et non rationnelle. Ils savent aussi parfaitement quel type d’info va être virale », explique Olivier Ertzscheid, chercheur français en sciences de l’information à l’Université de Nantes.

« La question que cela pose, c’est que le jour où Facebook va décider de manipuler l’opinion sur tel ou tel sujet, sera-t-on en capacité de le détecter ? Ce n’est pas évident », alerte ce spécialiste, estimant que la plateforme en est techniquement capable.

– « Point Oppenheimer » -

Un risque également soulevé par Andrew Przybylski, psychologue à l’Université d’Oxford, qui dresse une analogie avec la trilogie de Tolkien et son anneau magique qui corrompt le commun des mortels : « Aujourd’hui, quand scientifiques et chercheurs travaillent avec Facebook, ils doivent avoir conscience que c’est un peu comme donner l’anneau à Frodon ».

Selon lui, la recherche sur les données et la psychologie quantitative a franchi son « point Oppenheimer », du nom de l’un des pères de la bombe atomique américaine : maintenant qu’une arme extrêmement dangereuse existe, qu’est-ce qu’on en fait ?

« Nous devons nous assurer que les recherches sont conformes à l’éthique et menées dans l’intérêt du public », estime le chercheur, qui a remis une proposition en ce sens à Facebook — lui-même n’a plus de compte.

Si le public fait de plus en plus attention aux données privées qu’il livre publiquement, « le problème, c’est où l’on met le curseur » entre ce qu’on partage avec tous et ce qu’on réserve aux proches, signale Nathalie Nadaud-Albertini, qui prône l’éducation numérique des plus jeunes pour « sortir de ce rapport de confiance où l’on se dit que tout va bien se passer, sans trop savoir ce que l’on risque ».

Les jeunes utilisateurs ont toutefois tendance à délaisser Facebook au profit d’autres réseaux, souligne Eric Baumer, regrettant au passage « l’opacité des conglomérats de médias sociaux » (Facebook détient Instagram et WhatsApp, Google possède YouTube...) qui peut induire en erreur ceux qui pensent éviter Facebook.

Pour Olivier Ertzscheid, une solution est de développer des alternatives à Facebook car « on sait aujourd’hui construire des réseaux sociaux respectueux de la vie privée ».

#Facebook #Recherche #Médias_sociaux

Libéralisme : l’heure de payer l’addition Alternatives Economiques - Christian Chavagneux - 15 Mars 2018
▻https://www.alternatives-economiques.fr/christian-chavagneux/liberalisme-lheure-de-payer-laddition/00083626

Un sondage ne fait pas un pays mais celui d’OpinionWay pour le Printemps de l’économie 2018 surprend par la violence qu’il exprime du rejet de la mondialisation par les Français. Avec pour conséquence une forte demande de protectionnisme et un pessimisme qui n’augurent rien de bon. En prônant l’ouverture à tout crin et en refusant d’en traiter les effets anti-redistributifs, le libéralisme économique finit par produire sa propre remise en cause.

Un rejet généralisé
Premier résultat : 60 % des Français ont une mauvaise opinion de la mondialisation. En termes d’âge, on trouve les plus récalcitrants chez les 50 ans et plus. Mais la moitié des moins de 35 ans déclarent également leur méfiance : terrible constat d’une jeunesse pour moitié repliée sur elle-même ! Et le discours sur la différence entre des élites bien formées mondialisées et des ouvriers peu formés nationalistes ne fonctionne pas : 58 % des CSP+ ont une mauvaise opinion de la mondialisation.

Sur quoi se fonde ce rejet ? Plusieurs points saillants émergent : ce sont les multinationales qui font majoritairement la loi, l’Asie et les Etats-Unis sont les gagnants et l’Europe est parmi les perdants. La mondialisation est perçue comme poussant à l’innovation technologique mais dégrade l’environnement, ne réduit pas la pauvreté et va à l’encontre de l’égalité entre hommes et femmes. De plus, quasiment la moitié des Français pensent qu’elle a des effets négatifs sur la croissance, 58 % qu’elle réduit leur pouvoir d’achat, 64 % qu’elle a des effets négatifs sur l’emploi et 65 % sur les salaires.

Un sentiment pessimiste
A partir de ce constat, nulle surprise sur les solutions : le protectionnisme commercial est plébiscité. 66 % des Français souhaitent l’imposition de normes plus strictes sur les produits entrants et sortants.
L’avenir n’est pas rose : les trois-quarts des sondés pensent que la mondialisation économique va continuer à s’étendre, 60 % que c’est incompatible avec la lutte contre le changement climatique et 54 % cela se traduira par encore plus d’uniformisation culturelle.
Les débats entre économistes sur le ralentissement de la mondialisation et le fait qu’elle ait atteint un plateau n’ont donc pas d’effets sur l’opinion française, pas plus que le travail des anthropologues du politique soulignant combien face à un capitalisme mondialisé chaque territoire se l’approprie de manière différente, loin de toute uniformisation.
Du fait de la mondialisation, 71 % des Français sont inquiets pour leurs enfants, 67 % pour l’avenir de la France, 65 % pour l’avenir du monde et 63 % pour leur propre avenir. Un tableau noir.

Le prix d’un trop fort libéralisme
Ce sondage ne fait que confirmer ce que le Brexit, l’élection de Donald Trump et la montée des partis nationalistes nous clament plus fortement : faute d’avoir reconnu les #coûts_sociaux qu’il engendre et accepté de les traiter, le #libéralisme_économique fait désormais l’objet d’un rejet croissant.
Les libéraux vantent les effets positifs de la mondialisation commerciale sur le pouvoir d’achat puisque l’on achète des produits moins chers ailleurs. Mais un pays peut également y perdre des emplois ou connaître une pression à la baisse sur les salaires. Quel effet l’emporte ? La seule étude récente sur le sujet a été proposée à l’été 2017 par la Banque d’Angleterre sur le secteur textile britannique. Résultat : d’un côté, un gain de pouvoir d’achat cumulé grâce à l’ouverture de 3 %, de l’autre, une perte de 1,25 %.
Au niveau macroéconomique, les gains s’avèrent donc supérieurs aux pertes. Généralement, les libéraux s’arrêtent là. Sauf que les gains bénéficient à tous les consommateurs tandis que les pertes sont concentrées sur quelques territoires. L’étude regarde alors de près les marchés du travail : les régions qui concentraient une plus grande part d’industrie textile au début des années 1980 ont connu une plus faible croissance de l’emploi que les autres et un retrait plus marqué des personnes du marché du travail. Un effet qui se fait toujours sentir…

Les coûts locaux de la mondialisation

Une étude récente de la Banque de France s’interroge, elle, sur le coût local des importations chinoises en France. Résultat : sur la période 2001-2007, une perte d’environ 90 000 emplois dans le secteur manufacturier, soit 13 % du déclin sur la période... mais aussi 190 000 en dehors de ce secteur. L’explication ? La baisse de l’emploi manufacturier induit une baisse de la demande locale, qui fait largement sentir ses effets sur les secteurs a priori protégés de la concurrence internationale.
Enfin, une récente recherche du Fonds monétaire international aboutit à trois résultats importants. Tout d’abord, participer à la mondialisation accroît la richesse d’un pays. Ensuite, plus le niveau d’intégration internationale d’un pays est élevé, plus les gains qu’il tire d’une poursuite de l’intégration diminue. Enfin, les gains de la mondialisation profitent aux plus riches et accroissent les #inégalités. La France se situe clairement dans la catégorie des pays mondialisés qui ne profitent plus d’une ouverture supplémentaire, la mondialisation étant l’un des facteurs expliquant la montée des inégalités.

Bref, la #mondialisation fait des gagnants mais aussi des #perdants. Les #politiques suivies ces dernières décennies n’ont pas suffisamment cherché à aider ceux qui sont tombés du mauvais côté. Aujourd’hui, ils répondent. Si cela conduit finalement à une mondialisation raisonnable et à un capitalisme moins libéral et moins inégalitaire, on s’en sortira bien. Mais la probabilité d’une montée des #guerres_commerciales n’est pas exclue. Ni même qu’au-delà du seul libéralisme économique débridé, la démocratie soit aussi emportée par le flux.

The Secretive Family Making Billions From the Opioid Crisis
►https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a12775932/sackler-family-oxycontin

https://hips.hearstapps.com/hmg-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/images/es-101117-oxycontin-family-1507733616.jpg?crop=1xw:0.8890469416785206xh;center,top&resize=1200:*

The Sackler Courtyard is the latest addition to an impressive portfolio. There’s the Sackler Wing at New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art, which houses the majestic Temple of Dendur, a sandstone shrine from ancient Egypt; additional Sackler wings at the Louvre and the Royal Academy; stand-alone Sackler museums at Harvard and Peking Universities; and named Sackler galleries at the Smithsonian, the Serpentine, and Oxford’s Ashmolean. The Guggenheim in New York has a Sackler Center, and the American Museum of Natural History has a Sackler Educational Lab. Members of the family, legendary in museum circles for their pursuit of naming rights, have also underwritten projects of a more modest caliber—a Sackler Staircase at Berlin’s Jewish Museum; a Sackler Escalator at the Tate Modern; a Sackler Crossing in Kew Gardens. A popular species of pink rose is named after a Sackler. So is an asteroid.

The Sackler name is no less prominent among the emerald quads of higher education, where it’s possible to receive degrees from Sackler schools, participate in Sackler colloquiums, take courses from professors with endowed Sackler chairs, and attend annual Sackler lectures on topics such as theoretical astrophysics and human rights. The Sackler Institute for Nutrition Science supports research on obesity and micronutrient deficiencies. Meanwhile, the Sackler institutes at Cornell, Columbia, McGill, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Sussex, and King’s College London tackle psychobiology, with an emphasis on early childhood development.

The Sacklers’ philanthropy differs from that of civic populists like Andrew Carnegie, who built hundreds of libraries in small towns, and Bill Gates, whose foundation ministers to global masses. Instead, the family has donated its fortune to blue-chip brands, braiding the family name into the patronage network of the world’s most prestigious, well-endowed institutions. The Sackler name is everywhere, evoking automatic reverence; the Sacklers themselves, however, are rarely seen.

Even so, hardly anyone associates the Sackler name with their company’s lone blockbuster drug. “The Fords, Hewletts, Packards, Johnsons—all those families put their name on their product because they were proud,” said Keith Humphreys, a professor of psychiatry at Stanford University School of Medicine who has written extensively about the opioid crisis. “The Sacklers have hidden their connection to their product. They don’t call it ‘Sackler Pharma.’ They don’t call their pills ‘Sackler pills.’ And when they’re questioned, they say, ‘Well, it’s a privately held firm, we’re a family, we like to keep our privacy, you understand.’ ”

By any assessment, the family’s leaders have pulled off three of the great marketing triumphs of the modern era: The first is selling OxyContin; the second is promoting the Sackler name; and the third is ensuring that, as far as the public is aware, the first and the second have nothing to do with one another.

#Opioides #Sackler #Communication

Cornell Launches Archive of 150,000 Bird Calls and Animal Sounds, with Recordings Going Back to 1929 | Open Culture
▻http://www.openculture.com/2013/01/cornell_launches_archive_of_150000_bird_calls_and_animal_sounds_with_re

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Ornithologists and bird watchers rejoice. After a dozen years, The Cornell Lab of Ornithology’s Macaulay Library has fully digitized its nearly 150,000 audio recordings (a total running time of 7,513 hours), representing close to 9,000 different species, such as the very unsettling-sounding Barred Owl (above). While the collection also includes the sounds of whales, elephants, frogs, primates, and other animals, the primary emphasis here is on birds (it is a Lab of Ornithology, after all), and there is an incredible range of calls.

#audio #enregistrement #animaux #nature

Animated Map of 118 Birds Species Migrating - GeoLounge: All Things Geography
▻https://www.geolounge.com/animated-map-of-118-species-of-birds-migrating

https://www.geolounge.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/map-bird-migration.gif

Pulling millions of observations from the eBird citizen-science database, scientists from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology have mapped out the migration of 118 bird species in the Western Hemisphere. The resulting map represents the average location over the course of a year for each of these species of birds as they make their annual migrations. A similar map with a numbered key for those wanting to know which species are which can be accessed here.

▻https://www.allaboutbirds.org/mesmerizing-migration-map-which-species-is-which

#migration #oiseaux #cartographie

The Sackler family made billions from OxyContin. Why do top US colleges take money tainted by the opioid crisis? | US news | The Guardian
►https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/27/universities-sackler-family-purdue-pharma-oxycontin-opioids

https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/94c7ebd48e1b5049ca2c598f8c7ce3618ed2361a/0_623_3883_2330/master/3883.jpg?w=1200&h=630&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Centropy&bm=normal&ba=bottom%2Cleft&blend64=aHR0cHM6Ly91cGxvYWRzLmd1aW0uY28udWsvMjAxOC8wMS8xOC9mYWNlYm9va19kZWZhdWx0LnBuZw&s=a10f52031b05f2c91bfa771af1e379fa

In this case, the company is Purdue Pharma, which is owned by the Sackler family. Their wealth exceeds $13bn, and over the years, the family have been generous patrons of medical research at the nation’s leading universities, including #Columbia, #Cornell, #Tufts and #Yale.

Purdue Pharma produces the opioid OxyContin. Purdue told doctors the drug had a low addiction rate, because it was a time-released medication. Alas, this was not the case. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the death toll from OxyContin and related prescription opioids now exceeds 200,000. The federal government estimates that 2.4 million Americans currently suffer from opioid addiction disorders.

#vénérables_institutions