►https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcbh8yJclGI&feature=youtu.be
►https://www.courrierinternational.com/video/enquete-comment-leurope-et-la-libye-laissent-mourir-les-migra
[Attention : certaines images pourraient heurter la sensibilité des spectateurs.]
C’est rien de le dire
Déjà là, en anglais et en français :
Enquête. Comment l’Europe et la Libye laissent mourir les migrants en mer
Courrier International, le 2 janvier 2019
►https://seenthis.net/messages/747918
@sinehebdo Ah oui, j’ai été feinté, si j’ose dire, par le fait que l’URL est celle de Courrier et que donc elle ne déclenche pas la petite flèche du NYT (quant aux URL de Toitéloche, là c’est tellement n’importe quoi que l’avertissement ne risquait pas de fonctionner. Mille excuses à @cdb_77, évidemment à la pointe sur le sujet.
Je me permets au passage un petit ping @ @hannah
Je pense qu’un tel reportage mérite d’être publié deux fois, mais j’aime bien poster l’autre lien, parce qu’il renvoie vers d’autres discussions, d’autres mots-clés, etc.
@hannah le fait que tu répondes, chère Hannah, montre que le mécanisme fonctionne. En inscrivant simplement @hannah dans le message ou le commentaire, cela fait que suivant le paramétrage de ton compte Seenthis tu reçois un mail pour te signaler le contenu en question. Quant à t’expliquer l’étymologie du mot ping, et sa signification, là je crois qu’il vaut mieux qu’on se réserve la chose devant un plat de seiches poivre et sel pour ne pas lasser tout le monde. Ce que nous devons faire bientôt, mais las je ne sais plus à qui c’est le tour d’être la puissance invitante ? Bise
Pendant ce temps là,
L’opposition craint que la mise en examen de Richard Ferrand ne renforce encore l’antiparlementarisme, tandis que les députés de la majorité soutiennent le président de l’Assemblée nationale.
Pendant de temps là,
Google va verser près d’un milliard d’euros pour clore les poursuites en France
Pendant ce temps-là,
un diplomate français mis en examen pour « association de malfaiteurs terroriste »
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Malgré ses bourdes, Joe Biden favori par défaut du Parti démocrate
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Les objets nazis découverts au Sénat iront dans un musée
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Volley : la France s’impose face à la Roumanie 3-0
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Corrélation et causalité : peut-on décrocher un prix Nobel en mangeant du chocolat ?
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Plus de 460 journalistes du « Monde » signent un texte demandant à leurs actionnaires la reconnaissance d’un droit d’agrément garantissant leur indépendance éditoriale.
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Emmanuel Macron refuse de lâcher Richard Ferrand, un des ses plus fidèles soutiens
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Coupe du monde de basket 2019 : la presse américaine fataliste après la défaite de « Team USA »
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« Le psychodrame du Brexit est le produit de deux pathologies : populisme et dogmatisme »
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Emplois présumés fictifs au Parlement européen : Bayrou et Sarnez entendus par les policiers
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Julien Aubert, le candidat très droitier pour refonder LR
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« Lynchage numérique » : sur Facebook, un démarcheur accusé à tort d’arnaque et de vol
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Quiz : connaissez-vous les gestes de premiers secours ?
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Hugh Bailey, patron de General Electric France, visé par une enquête pour « prise illégale d’intérêts »
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Rossana Orlandi ne veut plus de gâchis
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Libra : la France s’oppose au développement de la monnaie de Facebook « sur le sol européen »
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Jeux vidéo : « Creature in the Well », le jeu d’action indé qui rend maboule
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Facebook bride la page de Nétanyahou après un message haineux contre « les Arabes »
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Nucléaire : soudures, maintenance… EDF accumule les déboires
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La finance a largement profité du pacte de responsabilité, pourtant l’emploi décroît
Pendant ce temps-là
A Toronto, au cœur du club des VRP français du cinéma
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Les voitures vendues en 2018 laisseront une empreinte carbone de 4,8 gigatonnes de CO2
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Musique : dans le jardin électro-pop de Metronomy
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Théâtre : une « Parade » effervescente pour la réouverture du Châtelet
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Dans le désert de l’Utah, des étudiants expérimentent la vie sur Mars
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Palmarès Universum : les jeunes cadres font monter Decathlon et Total sur le podium
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Notre sélection de six excellents PC portables pour étudier
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« Génération Pesquet » : l’espace suscite de nouvelles vocations chez les jeunes
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Un robot pour attraper délicatement les méduses
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Le sport à l’école est trop souvent une variable d’ajustement
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A Lyon, un monolithe noir pour marquer le renouveau de la Part-Dieu
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Pendant ce temps-là
Olivier Bouba-Olga : « Les critères pour définir les territoires qui se portent bien sont à réinterroger »
Pendant ce temps-là (là je préfère prévenir cela devient vraiment hardcore )
Des marchés d’actions en quête d’un nouveau moteur de performance
Pendant ce temps-là
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Pendant ce temps là
Marché des arts primitifs : un creux qui pourrait profiter aux objets océaniens
Pendant ce temps-là
Retraite : comment profiter au mieux du système du bonus
Pendant ce temps-là
Assiette d’huîtres, algues et oursins : la recette iodée de Hugo Roellinger
Par contre @philippe_de_jonckheere, même si je comprends et apprécie la rythmique de répétition, recevoir 50 mails de notifications, c’est assez encombrant... :/
@val_k Alors je ne peux pas dire que je n’y ai pas du tout pensé, c’est même plutôt le contraire, l’effet était volontaire. Je sais, c’est pervers. Il y aurait un spammeur de gauche qui sommeille en moi, c’est moche
‘It’s an Act of Murder’: How Europe Outsources Suffering as Migrants Drown
▻https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/12/26/opinion/europe-migrant-crisis-mediterranean-libya.html?smid=tw-share
European countries are relying on a dubious partner to police their borders at sea. Our investigation shows the deadly results. Source: The New York Times
Enquête. Comment l’#Europe et la #Libye laissent mourir les #migrants en mer | Courrier international
►https://www.courrierinternational.com/video/enquete-comment-leurope-et-la-libye-laissent-mourir-les-migra
▻https://www.courrierinternational.com/sites/ci_master/files/styles/image_940/public/illustrations/thumbnails/video/dcbh8yJclGI.jpg?itok=jDX3qQ5x
Un document [du New York Times] traduit et sous-titré par Courrier international.
‘It’s an Act of Murder’: How Europe Outsources Suffering as Migrants Drown
This short film, produced by The Times’s Opinion Video team and the research groups #Forensic_Architecture and #Forensic_Oceanography, reconstructs a tragedy at sea that left at least 20 migrants dead. Combining footage from more than 10 cameras, 3-D modeling and interviews with rescuers and survivors, the documentary shows Europe’s role in the migrant crisis at sea.
On Nov. 6, 2017, at least 20 people trying to reach Europe from Libya drowned in the Mediterranean, foundering next to a sinking raft.
Not far from the raft was a ship belonging to Sea-Watch, a German humanitarian organization. That ship had enough space on it for everyone who had been aboard the raft. It could have brought them all to the safety of Europe, where they might have had a chance at being granted asylum.
Instead, 20 people drowned and 47 more were captured by the Libyan Coast Guard, which brought the migrants back to Libya, where they suffered abuse — including rape and torture.
This confrontation at sea was not a simplistic case of Europe versus Africa, with human rights and rescue on one side and chaos and danger on the other. Rather it’s a case of Europe versus Europe: of volunteers struggling to save lives being undercut by European Union policies that outsource border control responsibilities to the Libyan Coast Guard — with the aim of stemming arrivals on European shores.
While funding, equipping and directing the Libyan Coast Guard, European governments have stymied the activities of nongovernmental organizations like Sea-Watch, criminalizing them or impounding their ships, or turning away from ports ships carrying survivors.
More than 14,000 people have died or gone missing while trying to cross the central Mediterranean since 2014. But unlike most of those deaths and drownings, the incident on Nov. 6, 2017, was extensively documented.
Sea-Watch’s ship and rescue rafts were outfitted with nine cameras, documenting the entire scene in video and audio. The Libyans, too, filmed parts of the incident on their mobile phones.
The research groups Forensic Architecture and Forensic Oceanography of Goldsmiths, University of London, of which three of us — Mr. Heller, Mr. Pezzani and Mr. Weizman — are a part, combined these video sources with radio recordings, vessel tracking data, witness testimonies and newly obtained official sources to produce a minute-by-minute reconstruction of the facts. Opinion Video at The New York Times built on this work to create the above short documentary, gathering further testimonials by some of the survivors and rescuers who were there.
This investigation makes a few things clear: European governments are avoiding their legal and moral responsibilities to protect the human rights of people fleeing violence and economic desperation. More worrying, the Libyan Coast Guard partners that Europe is collaborating with are ready to blatantly violate those rights if it allows them to prevent migrants from crossing the sea.
Stopping Migrants, Whatever the Cost
To understand the cynicism of Europe’s policies in the Mediterranean, one must understand the legal context. According to a 2012 ruling by the European Court of Human Rights, migrants rescued by European civilian or military vessels must be taken to a safe port. Because of the chaotic political situation in Libya and well-documented human rights abuses in detention camps there, that means a European port, often in Italy or Malta.
But when the Libyan Coast Guard intercepts migrants, even outside Libyan territorial waters, as it did on Nov. 6, the Libyans take them back to detention camps in Libya, which is not subject to European Court of Human Rights jurisdiction.
For Italy — and Europe — this is an ideal situation. Europe is able to stop people from reaching its shores while washing its hands of any responsibility for their safety.
This policy can be traced back to February 2017, when Italy and the United Nations-supported Libyan Government of National Accord signed a “memorandum of understanding” that provided a framework for collaboration on development, to fight against “illegal immigration,” human trafficking and the smuggling of contraband. This agreement defines clearly the aim, “to stem the illegal migrants’ flows,” and committed Italy to provide “technical and technological support to the Libyan institutions in charge of the fight against illegal immigration.”
Libyan Coast Guard members have been trained by the European Union, and the Italian government donated or repaired several patrol boats and supported the establishment of a Libyan search-and-rescue zone. Libyan authorities have since attempted — in defiance of maritime law — to make that zone off-limits to nongovernmental organizations’ rescue vessels. Italian Navy ships, based in Tripoli, have coordinated Libyan Coast Guard efforts.
Before these arrangements, Libyan actors were able to intercept and return very few migrants leaving from Libyan shores. Now the Libyan Coast Guard is an efficient partner, having intercepted some 20,000 people in 2017 alone.
The Libyan Coast Guard is efficient when it comes to stopping migrants from reaching Europe. It’s not as good, however, at saving their lives, as the events of Nov. 6 show.
A Deadly Policy in Action
That morning the migrant raft had encountered worsening conditions after leaving Tripoli, Libya, over night. Someone onboard used a satellite phone to call the Italian Coast Guard for help.
Because the Italians were required by law to alert nearby vessels of the sinking raft, they alerted Sea-Watch to its approximate location. But they also requested the intervention of their Libyan counterparts.
The Libyan Coast Guard vessel that was sent to intervene on that morning, the Ras Jadir, was one of several that had been repaired by Italy and handed back to the Libyans in May of 2017. Eight of the 13 crew members onboard had received training from the European Union anti-smuggling naval program known as Operation Sophia.
Even so, the Libyans brought the Ras Jadir next to the migrants’ raft, rather than deploying a smaller rescue vessel, as professional rescuers do. This offered no hope of rescuing those who had already fallen overboard and only caused more chaos, during which at least five people died.
These deaths were not merely a result of a lack of professionalism. Some of the migrants who had been brought aboard the Ras Jadir were so afraid of their fate at the hands of the Libyans that they jumped back into the water to try to reach the European rescuers. As can be seen in the footage, members of the Libyan Coast Guard beat the remaining migrants.
Sea-Watch’s crew was also attacked by the Libyan Coast Guard, who threatened them and threw hard objects at them to keep them away. This eruption of violence was the result of a clash between the goals of rescue and interception, with the migrants caught in the middle desperately struggling for their lives.
Apart from those who died during this chaos, more than 15 people had already drowned in the time spent waiting for any rescue vessel to appear.
There was, however, no shortage of potential rescuers in the area: A Portuguese surveillance plane had located the migrants’ raft after its distress call. An Italian Navy helicopter and a French frigate were nearby and eventually offered some support during the rescue.
It’s possible that this French ship, deployed as part of Operation Sophia, could have reached the sinking vessel earlier, in time to save more lives — despite our requests, this information has not been disclosed to us. But it remained at a distance throughout the incident and while offering some support, notably refrained from taking migrants onboard who would then have had to have been disembarked on European soil. It’s an example of a hands-off approach that seeks to make Libyan intervention not only possible but also inevitable.
A Legal Challenge
On the basis of the forensic reconstruction, the Global Legal Action Network and the Association for Juridical Studies on Immigration, with the support of Yale Law School students, have filed a case against Italy at the European Court of Human Rights representing 17 survivors of this incident.
Those working on the suit, who include two of us — Mr. Mann and Ms. Moreno-Lax — argue that even though Italian or European personnel did not physically intercept the migrants and bring them back to Libya, Italy exercised effective control over the Libyan Coast Guard through mutual agreements, support and on-the-ground coordination. Italy has entrusted the Libyans with a task that Rome knows full well would be illegal if undertaken directly: preventing migrants from seeking protection in Europe by impeding their flight and sending them back to a country where extreme violence and exploitation await.
We hope this legal complaint will lead the European court to rule that countries cannot subcontract their legal and humanitarian obligations to dubious partners, and that if they do, they retain responsibility for the resulting violations. Such a precedent would force the entire European Union to make sure its cooperation with partners like Libya does not end up denying refugees the right to seek asylum.
This case is especially important right now. In Italy’s elections in March, the far-right Lega party, which campaigned on radical anti-immigrant rhetoric, took nearly 20 percent of the vote. The party is now part of the governing coalition, of which its leader, Matteo Salvini, is the interior minister.
His government has doubled down on animosity toward migrants. In June, Italy took the drastic step of turning away a humanitarian vessel from the country’s ports and has been systematically blocking rescued migrants from being disembarked since then, even when they had been assisted by the Italian Coast Guard.
The Italian crackdown helps explain why seafarers off the Libyan coast have refrained from assisting migrants in distress, leaving them to drift for days. Under the new Italian government, a new batch of patrol boats has been handed over to the Libyan Coast Guard, and the rate of migrants being intercepted and brought back to Libya has increased. All this has made the crossing even more dangerous than before.
Italy has been seeking to enact a practice that blatantly violates the spirit of the Geneva Convention on refugees, which enshrines the right to seek asylum and prohibits sending people back to countries in which their lives are at risk. A judgment by the European Court sanctioning Italy for this practice would help prevent the outsourcing of border control and human rights violations that may prevent the world’s most disempowered populations from seeking protection and dignity.
The European Court of Human Rights cannot stand alone as a guardian of fundamental rights. Yet an insistence on its part to uphold the law would both reflect and bolster the movements seeking solidarity with migrants across Europe.
▻https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/12/26/opinion/europe-migrant-crisis-mediterranean-libya.html
#reconstruction #naufrage #Méditerranée #Charles_Heller #Lorenzo_Pezzani #asile #migrations #réfugiés #mourir_en_mer #ONG #sauvetage #Sea-Watch #gardes-côtes_libyens #Libye #pull-back #refoulement #externalisation #vidéo #responsabilité #Ras_Jadir #Operation_Sophia #CEDH #cour_européenne_des_droits_de_l'homme #justice #droits_humains #droit_à_la_vie
ping @reka
A mettre en lien, notamment, avec le travail de Charles et Lorenzo sur le désormais célèbre « Left to die boat » :
▻https://seenthis.net/messages/333036
#left_to_die_boat
È un omicidio con navi italiane” L’accusa del Nyt
Video-denuncia contro Roma e l’Ue per un naufragio di un anno fa: botte dei libici ai migranti, 50 morti.
Patate scagliate addosso ai soccorritori della Sea Watch invece di lanciare giubbotti e salvagente ai naufraghi che stavano annegando. E poi botte ai migranti riusciti a salire sulle motovedette per salvarsi la vita. Ecco i risultati dell’addestramento che l’Italia ha impartito ai libici per far fuori i migranti nel Mediterraneo. È un video pubblicato dal New York Times che parte da una delle più gravi tra le ultime stragi avvenute del Canale di Sicilia, con un commento intitolato: “‘È un omicidio’: come l’Europa esternalizza sofferenza mentre i migranti annegano”.
Era il 6 novembre 2017 e le operazioni in mare erano gestite dalla guardia costiera libica, in accordo con l’allora ministro dell’Interno, Marco Minniti. Il dettaglio non è secondario, lo stesso video mostra la cerimonia di consegna delle motovedette made in Italy ai partner nordafricani. Una delle imbarcazioni, la 648, la ritroviamo proprio al centro dell’azione dove, quel giorno, cinquanta africani vennero inghiottiti dal mare. Al tempo era consentito alle imbarcazioni di soccorso pattugliare lo specchio di mare a cavallo tra le zone Sar (Search and rescue, ricerca e soccorso) di competenza. Al tempo i porti italiani erano aperti, ma il comportamento dei militari libici già al limite della crudeltà. Il video e le foto scattate dal personale della Sea Watch mostrano scene durissime. Un migrante lasciato annegare senza alcun tentativo da parte dei libici di salvarlo: il corpo disperato annaspa per poi sparire sott’acqua, quando il salvagente viene lanciato è tardi. Botte, calci e pugni a uomini appena saliti a bordo delle motovedette, di una violenza ingiustificabile. Il New York Times va giù duro e nel commento, oltre a stigmatizzare attacca i governi italiani. Dalla prova delle motovedette vendute per far fare ad altri il lavoro sporco, al nuovo governo definito “di ultradestra” che “ha completato la strategia”. Matteo Salvini però non viene nominato. L’Italia, sottolinea il Nyt, ha delegato alle autorità della Tripolitania il pattugliamento delle coste e il recupero di qualsiasi imbarcazione diretta a nord. Nulla di nuovo, visto che la Spagna, guidata dal socialista Sanchez e impegnata sul fronte occidentale con un’ondata migratoria senza precedenti, usa il Marocco per “bonificare” il tratto di mare vicino allo stretto di Gibilterra da gommoni e carrette. Gli organismi europei da una parte stimolano il blocco delle migrazioni verso il continente, eppure dall’altra lo condannano. Per l’episodio del 6 novembre 2017, infatti, la Corte europea dei diritti umani sta trattando il ricorso presentato dall’Asgi (Associazione studi giuridici sull’immigrazione) contro il respingimento collettivo. Sempre l’Asgi ha presentato due ricorsi analoghi per fatti del dicembre 2018 e gennaio 2018; infine altri due, uno sulla cessione delle motovedette e l’altro sull’implementazione dell’accordo Italia-Libia firmato da Minniti.
▻https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/premium/articoli/e-un-omicidio-con-navi-italiane-laccusa-del-nyt
Comment l’Europe et la Libye laissent mourir les migrants en mer
Il y a un peu plus d’un an, le 6 novembre 2017, une fragile embarcation sombre en mer avec à son bord 150 migrants partis de Tripoli pour tenter de rejoindre l’Europe. La plupart d’entre eux sont morts. Avec l’aide de Forensic Oceanography – une organisation créée en 2011 pour tenir le compte des morts de migrants en Méditerranée – et de Forensic Architecture – groupe de recherche enquêtant sur les violations des droits de l’homme –, le New York Times a retracé le déroulement de ce drame, dans une enquête vidéo extrêmement documentée.
Depuis l’accord passé en février 2017 entre la Libye et l’Italie, confiant aux autorités libyennes le soin d’intercepter les migrants dans ses eaux territoriales, le travail des ONG intervenant en mer Méditerranée avec leurs bateaux de sauvetage est devenu extrêmement difficile. Ces dernières subissent les menaces constantes des gardes-côtes libyens, qui, malgré les subventions européennes et les formations qu’ils reçoivent, n’ont pas vraiment pour but de sauver les migrants de la noyade. Ainsi, en fermant les yeux sur les pratiques libyennes régulièrement dénoncées par les ONG, l’Europe contribue à aggraver la situation et précipite les migrants vers la noyade, s’attache à démontrer cette enquête vidéo publiée dans la section Opinions du New York Times. Un document traduit et sous-titré par Courrier international.
►https://www.courrierinternational.com/video/enquete-comment-leurope-et-la-libye-laissent-mourir-les-migra
▻https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=10&v=dcbh8yJclGI
How We Made an Invisible Crisis at Sea Visible
An ambitious Opinion Video project produced across three continents — in collaboration with a pioneering forensic research group — shines a spotlight on the more than 16,000 migrants who have died trying to cross the Mediterranean since 2014.
Forensic Oceanography had created a report and a minute-by-minute reconstruction of the episode (▻http://www.forensic-architecture.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2018-05-07-FO-Mare-Clausum-full-EN.pdf) intended partly to support a case that was about to be filed on behalf of survivors at the European Court of Human Rights.
Their reporting was deep, but it was very technical. We wanted to build on the original research to create a short film that would sharpen the story while still embracing complexity.
▻https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/23/reader-center/migrants-mediterranean-sea.html
#visibilité #invisibilité #in/visiblité #Mare_clausum
